a) Sodium
b) Magnesium
c) Nitrogen
d) Calcium
Answer: c) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen is a p-block element, while Sodium,
Magnesium, and Calcium are s-block elements.
a) Chlorine
b) Oxygen
c) Fluorine
d) Nitrogen
Answer: c) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine is the most electronegative element in
the periodic table.
a) Left to right across a period
b) Top to bottom in a group
c) Right to left across a period
d) Bottom to top in a group
Answer: a) Left to right across a period
Explanation: The acidic nature of oxides increases as we move
from left to right across a period in the p-block.
a) Neon
b) Nitrogen
c) Phosphorus
d) Oxygen
Answer: a) Neon
Explanation: Neon is a noble gas in the p-block, while
nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen are not.
a) They are highly electropositive
b) They have low melting points
c) They form covalent bonds
d) They are metals
Answer: c) They form covalent bonds
Explanation: Group 17 elements (halogens) form covalent bonds
with other non-metals.
a) Carbon
b) Oxygen
c) Nitrogen
d) Fluorine
Answer: d) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine exhibits the highest oxidation state of
+7 in compounds like OF₇.
a) Chlorine
b) Fluorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: b) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine is the most reactive halogen due to its
high electronegativity.
a) +3
b) +5
c) +2
d) +4
Answer: a) +3
Explanation: The most stable oxidation state of nitrogen is +3,
as seen in compounds like NCl₃.
a) They are highly reactive
b) They have low ionization enthalpies
c) They form compounds with oxygen
d) They are inert and do not easily form compounds
Answer: d) They are inert and do not easily form compounds
Explanation: Noble gases are chemically inert due to their
complete outer electron shells.
a) Phosphine
b) Phosphorus pentachloride
c) Phosphorus pentoxide
d) Phosphorus trichloride
Answer: c) Phosphorus pentoxide
Explanation: Phosphorus pentoxide (P₄O₁₀) is formed when
phosphorus reacts with oxygen.
a) Nitrogen > Phosphorus > Arsenic > Antimony > Bismuth
b) Bismuth > Antimony > Arsenic > Phosphorus > Nitrogen
c) Nitrogen > Phosphorus > Antimony > Arsenic > Bismuth
d) Nitrogen > Phosphorus > Arsenic > Bismuth > Antimony
Answer: a) Nitrogen > Phosphorus > Arsenic > Antimony > Bismuth
Explanation: Electronegativity decreases as we move down the
group in the p-block.
a) Hydrogen chloride
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: b) Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine is commonly used as a disinfectant,
especially in water treatment.
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: b) Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine is used in the preparation of sodium
hypochlorite, commonly known as bleach.
a) +1
b) +2
c) -1
d) 0
Answer: c) -1
Explanation: Chlorine in KCl has an oxidation state of -1, as
it gains one electron.
a) Carbon
b) Nitrogen
c) Oxygen
d) Fluorine
Answer: d) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine shows the maximum oxidation state of +7
in compounds like OF₇.
a) Have a complete octet in their valence shell
b) Are highly electronegative
c) Have very low ionization energy
d) Have a high melting point
Answer: a) Have a complete octet in their valence shell
Explanation: Noble gases have full outer electron shells,
making them chemically inert and not reactive.
a) Ionic bonding
b) Covalent bonding
c) Metallic bonding
d) Coordinate bonding
Answer: b) Covalent bonding
Explanation: Boron trichloride is a covalent compound, as boron
and chlorine both share electrons.
a) 2.5
b) 3.5
c) 4.0
d) 3.0
Answer: c) 4.0
Explanation: Fluorine has the highest electronegativity value
of 4.0 in the periodic table.
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon
d) Phosphorus
Answer: b) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is a group 16 element, also known as the
chalcogens.
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: d) Iodine
Explanation: Iodine is the least electronegative halogen
because electronegativity decreases down the group.
a) Cl₂O
b) ClO₂
c) I₂O₅
d) I₂O₇
Answer: b) ClO₂
Explanation: Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) is stable under normal
conditions, whereas other halogen oxides are highly reactive.
a) +5
b) +3
c) +1
d) +4
Answer: a) +5
Explanation: In nitric acid, nitrogen has an oxidation state of
+5.
a) Carbon
b) Silicon
c) Germanium
d) Lead
Answer: b) Silicon
Explanation: Silicon shows the highest oxidation state of +4 in
its compounds, such as SiO₂.
a) Aluminum
b) Magnesium
c) Sodium
d) Potassium
Answer: a) Aluminum
Explanation: Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) is amphoteric, meaning it
can react with both acids and bases.
a) Phosphoric acid
b) Phosphorus pentachloride
c) Red phosphorus
d) White phosphorus
Answer: c) Red phosphorus
Explanation: Red phosphorus is used in flame retardants and
matches due to its stability.
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Fluorine
d) Neon
Answer: c) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine has the highest ionization energy among
the given elements due to its small size and high electronegativity.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Oxygen
d) Fluorine
Answer: c) Oxygen
Explanation: In oxides, oxygen typically has an oxidation state
of -2, as in O₂.
a) Aluminum
b) Boron
c) Nitrogen
d) Oxygen
Answer: c) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen does not form a stable cation due to its
high electronegativity and small size.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Potassium
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are all key
elements in fertilizers.
a) Chlorine water
b) Chlorine dioxide
c) Sodium hypochlorite
d) Hydrogen chloride
Answer: c) Sodium hypochlorite
Explanation: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is used as a
disinfectant in bleach.
a) Sulfur dioxide
b) Sulfur hexafluoride
c) Sulfuric acid
d) Sulfur monoxide
Answer: a) Sulfur dioxide
Explanation: Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is formed when sulfur reacts
with oxygen.
a) Silicon
b) Phosphorus
c) Nitrogen
d) Carbon
Answer: a) Silicon
Explanation: Silicon is widely used in the production of
semiconductors due to its electrical properties.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Oxygen
d) Fluorine
Answer: d) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine has a high electronegativity and readily
forms ionic bonds with sodium.
a) Iodine pentafluoride
b) Chlorine trifluoride
c) Fluorine
d) Bromine
Answer: b) Chlorine trifluoride
Explanation: Chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃) is highly reactive due
to its strong oxidizing nature.
a) Oxygen > Sulfur > Selenium > Tellurium > Polonium
b) Oxygen > Sulfur > Tellurium > Selenium > Polonium
c) Polonium > Tellurium > Selenium > Sulfur > Oxygen
d) Oxygen > Selenium > Tellurium > Sulfur > Polonium
Answer: a) Oxygen > Sulfur > Selenium > Tellurium > Polonium
Explanation: Electronegativity decreases as we move down group
16.
a) They are non-metals
b) They are highly electropositive
c) They are good conductors of electricity
d) They have high melting points
Answer: a) They are non-metals
Explanation: Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are
non-metals and tend to form covalent bonds.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Silicon
d) Fluorine
Answer: a) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen is a crucial element in amino acids,
which form proteins.
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Phosphorus
d) Chlorine
Answer: c) Phosphorus
Explanation: Phosphorus forms an oxide with the formula P₂O₅,
which contains XO₂ units.
a) Iodine monochloride
b) Sodium chloride
c) Calcium fluoride
d) Ammonium chloride
Answer: a) Iodine monochloride
Explanation: Interhalogen compounds are formed by combining two
halogens, such as iodine monochloride (ICl).
a) Al₂O₃
b) Na₂O
c) SO₃
d) CO₂
Answer: a) Al₂O₃
Explanation: Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) is amphoteric, meaning it
reacts with both acids and bases.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Sulfur
d) Oxygen
Answer: c) Sulfur
Explanation: Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and sulfur trioxide (SO₃)
contribute to the formation of acid rain.
a) High ionization enthalpy
b) Low boiling point
c) High reactivity
d) High electronegativity
Answer: a) High ionization enthalpy
Explanation: Noble gases have high ionization enthalpies due to
their stable electron configurations.
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: a) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine (F₂) forms the most stable diatomic
molecule due to its high bond energy.
a) +3
b) +5
c) +2
d) -3
Answer: b) +5
Explanation: Phosphorus commonly exhibits the +5 oxidation
state in compounds like P₄O₁₀.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Sulfur
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: All these elements form acidic oxides like NO₂,
P₂O₅, and SO₃.
a) PCl₃
b) PCl₅
c) P₄Cl₃
d) P₂Cl₅
Answer: b) PCl₅
Explanation: The formula of phosphorus pentachloride is PCl₅.
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Arsenic
d) Antimony
Answer: a) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen does not form a stable +5 oxidation state
in most of its compounds.
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine
c) Bromine
d) Iodine
Answer: a) Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine can form a wide variety of compounds with
oxygen due to its high electronegativity.
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Phosphorus
d) Fluorine
Answer: a) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is most likely to form a covalent bond with
carbon due to its electronegativity.
a) Phosphorus
b) Nitrogen
c) Potassium
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential
components in fertilizers.