ROUTERA


Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

Class 12th Chemistry Chapter MCQs


1. Which of the following is the characteristic feature of colloidal solutions?

a) Heterogeneous in nature
b) Uniform composition
c) Do not scatter light
d) Can be separated by filtration

Answer: a) Heterogeneous in nature
Explanation: Colloidal solutions are heterogeneous mixtures, containing particles that are larger than molecules but small enough to stay dispersed in a solution.


2. Which of the following types of colloidal systems is formed when a gas is dispersed in a liquid?

a) Foam
b) Aerosol
c) Emulsion
d) Sol

Answer: a) Foam
Explanation: A foam is a colloidal system in which gas is dispersed in a liquid.


3. The process in which a colloidal solution is converted into a precipitate is known as:

a) Coagulation
b) Dispersion
c) Redispersion
d) Adsorption

Answer: a) Coagulation
Explanation: Coagulation is the process in which a colloidal solution is converted into a precipitate, typically by adding electrolytes.


4. Which of the following is the example of a lyophilic colloid?

a) Water in oil emulsion
b) Gelatin in water
c) Smoke in air
d) Soap solution

Answer: b) Gelatin in water
Explanation: Lyophilic colloids are "solvent-loving" colloids, such as gelatin in water, where the dispersion medium is attracted to the dispersed phase.


5. In which of the following processes does the Tyndall effect occur?

a) Transparent solutions
b) Homogeneous mixtures
c) Colloidal solutions
d) Pure liquids

Answer: c) Colloidal solutions
Explanation: The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by colloidal particles, which is why colloidal solutions show this effect.


6. Which of the following is an example of a hydrophobic colloid?

a) Gelatin in water
b) Starch in water
c) Oil in water
d) Smoke in air

Answer: d) Smoke in air
Explanation: Hydrophobic colloids do not have an affinity for the dispersion medium, like smoke in air.


7. What is the effect of adding an electrolyte to a colloidal solution?

a) It stabilizes the colloidal particles
b) It causes coagulation of the colloidal particles
c) It makes the colloidal particles dissolve
d) It increases the dispersion medium

Answer: b) It causes coagulation of the colloidal particles
Explanation: The addition of electrolytes to a colloidal solution can neutralize the charge on the colloidal particles, leading to coagulation.


8. The phenomenon of adsorption of molecules on the surface of a solid is known as:

a) Absorption
b) Adsorption
c) Solution
d) Sublimation

Answer: b) Adsorption
Explanation: Adsorption refers to the accumulation of molecules on the surface of a solid or liquid.


9. Which of the following statements is correct about a hydrophilic colloid?

a) They are unstable in water
b) They form gels easily
c) They cannot be dispersed in water
d) They are hydrophobic

Answer: b) They form gels easily
Explanation: Hydrophilic colloids are "solvent-loving" and readily form stable gels when dispersed in water.


10. Which of the following statements about the adsorptive process is correct?

a) The adsorbate is uniformly distributed throughout the medium
b) Adsorption increases with an increase in temperature
c) Adsorption is usually an exothermic process
d) Adsorption does not depend on surface area

Answer: c) Adsorption is usually an exothermic process
Explanation: Adsorption is typically an exothermic process, where energy is released when molecules adhere to a surface.


11. Which of the following is the example of a gel?

a) Milk
b) Blood
c) Jelly
d) Smoke

Answer: c) Jelly
Explanation: A gel is a colloidal system where a solid network is formed in a liquid medium, such as jelly.


12. The colloidal solution of a solid in a liquid is called:

a) Sol
b) Emulsion
c) Aerosol
d) Foam

Answer: a) Sol
Explanation: A sol is a colloidal system where solid particles are dispersed in a liquid medium.


13. Which of the following is not a property of colloidal solutions?

a) They show Brownian motion
b) They are homogeneous mixtures
c) They do not scatter light
d) They can be separated by dialysis

Answer: c) They do not scatter light
Explanation: Colloidal solutions scatter light, a phenomenon known as the Tyndall effect.


14. The size range of particles in a colloidal solution is:

a) 1–100 nm
b) 1–100 µm
c) 0.1–0.5 nm
d) 1–10 cm

Answer: a) 1–100 nm
Explanation: Colloidal particles typically range in size from 1 to 100 nm.


15. What happens to the rate of adsorption with increasing pressure in a gas-solid adsorption system?

a) Increases continuously
b) Decreases continuously
c) Increases initially, then levels off
d) Remains unaffected

Answer: c) Increases initially, then levels off
Explanation: Initially, adsorption increases with pressure, but it eventually levels off when the surface becomes saturated.


16. Which of the following is the type of adsorption that involves the formation of strong chemical bonds?

a) Physical adsorption
b) Chemical adsorption
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above

Answer: b) Chemical adsorption
Explanation: Chemical adsorption involves the formation of strong chemical bonds between the adsorbate and the surface.


17. What is the reason for the high stability of lyophilic colloids?

a) High molecular weight of solute
b) Presence of electrical charges on particles
c) Presence of larger particles
d) None of the above

Answer: b) Presence of electrical charges on particles
Explanation: The stability of lyophilic colloids is due to the presence of electrical charges on the particles, which prevents aggregation.


18. Which of the following is not an example of a colloidal solution?

a) Paint
b) Blood
c) Air
d) Milk

Answer: c) Air
Explanation: Air is a homogeneous mixture, not a colloidal solution.


19. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is:

a) The concentration at which a solute forms a monolayer on the surface
b) The concentration at which a solute forms a gel
c) The concentration at which micelles form in a solution
d) The concentration at which a solute precipitates from the solution

Answer: c) The concentration at which micelles form in a solution
Explanation: CMC is the concentration at which surfactant molecules form micelles in solution.


20. Which of the following is an example of a liquid aerosol?

a) Milk
b) Smoke
c) Fog
d) Sponge

Answer: c) Fog
Explanation: Fog is a colloidal solution in which liquid droplets are dispersed in air.


21. In the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, the value of nn lies between:

a) 0 and 1
b) 1 and 2
c) 0 and infinity
d) -1 and 1

Answer: a) 0 and 1
Explanation: In the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, nn is the empirical constant, and its value lies between 0 and 1.


22. The type of colloid in which both the dispersed phase and dispersion medium are liquids is called:

a) Emulsion
b) Sol
c) Aerosol
d) Gel

Answer: a) Emulsion
Explanation: An emulsion is a colloidal system where both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquids.


23. Which of the following colloids is not stabilized by the charge on particles?

a) Gold sol
b) Starch sol
c) Soap solution
d) Milk

Answer: b) Starch sol
Explanation: Starch sol is stabilized by a protective layer around particles, not by the charge on particles.


24. Which of the following is an example of a solid sol?

a) Paint
b) Ink
c) Pearls
d) Milk

Answer: c) Pearls
Explanation: A solid sol is a colloidal system in which a solid is dispersed in another solid.


25. Which method is used to separate colloidal particles from a dispersion medium?

a) Filtration
b) Centrifugation
c) Dialysis
d) Evaporation

Answer: c) Dialysis
Explanation: Dialysis is used to separate colloidal particles from the dispersion medium based on the difference in particle size.


26. Which of the following is true about the adsorption of gases on solids?

a) Adsorption is a spontaneous process
b) Adsorption decreases with an increase in temperature
c) Adsorption is always exothermic
d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Adsorption is a spontaneous, exothermic process, and it decreases with increasing temperature.


27. What is the main factor that affects the extent of adsorption of a gas on a solid surface?

a) Temperature
b) Pressure
c) Volume
d) Concentration of gas

Answer: b) Pressure
Explanation: Adsorption increases with pressure until the surface is saturated.


28. Which of the following colloidal systems is used as a medicine?

a) Aerosols
b) Paints
c) Suspensions
d) Milk of magnesia

Answer: d) Milk of magnesia
Explanation: Milk of magnesia is a colloidal suspension used as an antacid.


29. Which of the following adsorbents is commonly used for the adsorption of gases?

a) Activated charcoal
b) Graphite
c) Silica
d) Iron

Answer: a) Activated charcoal
Explanation: Activated charcoal is commonly used for adsorbing gases due to its large surface area.


30. The colloidal particles of a sol are usually:

a) Very large
b) Very small
c) Monodispersed
d) Invisible under a microscope

Answer: b) Very small
Explanation: Colloidal particles are typically in the range of 1–100 nm, making them smaller than visible particles.


31. The adsorption of a gas on a solid follows which of the following laws?

a) Henry's law
b) Raoult's law
c) Freundlich adsorption isotherm
d) Le Chatelier's principle

Answer: c) Freundlich adsorption isotherm
Explanation: The adsorption of gases on solids is explained by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, which is empirical in nature.


32. The phenomenon where a liquid is dispersed in another liquid without forming a separate phase is known as:

a) Emulsion
b) Sol
c) Foam
d) Gel

Answer: a) Emulsion
Explanation: An emulsion is a colloidal system where liquid droplets are dispersed in another liquid.


33. Which of the following types of colloidal systems can be formed when a solid is dispersed in a liquid?

a) Sol
b) Gel
c) Emulsion
d) Foam

Answer: a) Sol
Explanation: A sol is a colloidal system in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid medium.


34. In which of the following methods are colloidal particles separated based on their ability to pass through a semipermeable membrane?

a) Dialysis
b) Filtration
c) Centrifugation
d) Distillation

Answer: a) Dialysis
Explanation: Dialysis is a technique to separate colloidal particles from the dispersion medium using a semipermeable membrane.


35. What type of colloidal solution is formed when a liquid is dispersed in another liquid?

a) Emulsion
b) Foam
c) Aerosol
d) Sol

Answer: a) Emulsion
Explanation: An emulsion is a colloidal system formed when one liquid is dispersed in another liquid.


36. The process of coagulation of a colloidal solution can be accelerated by:

a) Decreasing the temperature
b) Adding an electrolyte
c) Increasing the dispersion medium
d) Adding a stabilizer

Answer: b) Adding an electrolyte
Explanation: Adding an electrolyte neutralizes the charge on colloidal particles, leading to coagulation.


37. Which of the following is the example of a solid aerosol?

a) Smoke
b) Dust
c) Mist
d) Clouds

Answer: b) Dust
Explanation: A solid aerosol is a colloidal system where solid particles are dispersed in a gas, such as dust in air.


38. Which of the following types of colloids can be separated by centrifugation?

a) Aerosols
b) Emulsions
c) Gels
d) Sols

Answer: b) Emulsions
Explanation: Emulsions can be separated by centrifugation because the dispersed phase has a greater density than the dispersion medium.


39. Which of the following does not stabilize a lyophilic colloid?

a) Electrostatic repulsion
b) Solvent-solute interaction
c) Presence of charge on particles
d) Protective layer

Answer: d) Protective layer
Explanation: Lyophilic colloids are stabilized due to solvent-solute interactions and the electrostatic repulsion of particles, not by protective layers.


40. Which of the following statements about colloidal particles is correct?

a) They are larger than molecules
b) They are visible to the naked eye
c) They cannot pass through a semipermeable membrane
d) They are in a homogeneous phase

Answer: a) They are larger than molecules
Explanation: Colloidal particles are larger than molecules but smaller than particles in suspensions.


41. What is the reason for the Brownian motion of colloidal particles?

a) Collision with the dispersion medium molecules
b) Absorption of light
c) Electromagnetic forces
d) Internal energy of colloidal particles

Answer: a) Collision with the dispersion medium molecules
Explanation: Brownian motion results from the random collisions of colloidal particles with the molecules of the dispersion medium.


42. Which of the following is an example of a gel?

a) Blood
b) Sponge
c) Gelatin
d) Ink

Answer: c) Gelatin
Explanation: Gelatin forms a gel when mixed with water, making it an example of a gel.


43. Which type of colloidal system is formed when solid particles are dispersed in a gas?

a) Foam
b) Aerosol
c) Emulsion
d) Sol

Answer: b) Aerosol
Explanation: An aerosol is a colloidal system where solid particles are dispersed in a gas.


44. Which of the following is not a method of preparing colloids?

a) Condensation method
b) Dispersion method
c) Coagulation
d) Peptization

Answer: c) Coagulation
Explanation: Coagulation is the process of destabilizing a colloid, not a method of preparing it.


45. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the adsorption of a gas on a solid?

a) Increases adsorption
b) Decreases adsorption
c) Does not affect adsorption
d) Initially increases, then decreases

Answer: b) Decreases adsorption
Explanation: Adsorption usually decreases with an increase in temperature.


46. What is the primary factor influencing the rate of adsorption?

a) Volume of the adsorbent
b) Surface area of the adsorbent
c) Pressure of the adsorbate
d) Size of the adsorbate molecules

Answer: b) Surface area of the adsorbent
Explanation: The surface area of the adsorbent plays a crucial role in determining the rate of adsorption.


47. Which of the following is a characteristic property of hydrophobic colloids?

a) Easily dispersed in water
b) Have a charge on particles
c) Tend to coagulate in water
d) Form stable sols in water

Answer: c) Tend to coagulate in water
Explanation: Hydrophobic colloids tend to coagulate or aggregate in water due to lack of affinity with the medium.


48. What happens to the rate of adsorption as the concentration of adsorbate increases?

a) The rate remains constant
b) The rate decreases
c) The rate increases
d) The rate initially increases, then levels off

Answer: d) The rate initially increases, then levels off
Explanation: Initially, adsorption increases with concentration, but it eventually levels off once the surface is saturated.


49. Which of the following systems is an example of a solid aerosol?

a) Mist
b) Smoke
c) Ink
d) Fog

Answer: b) Smoke
Explanation: Smoke is a colloidal system in which solid particles are dispersed in a gas.


50. Which is an example of a lyophobic colloid?

a) Gelatin
b) Rubber in water
c) Milk
d) Butter

Answer: b) Rubber in water
Explanation: Lyophobic colloids do not have an affinity for the dispersion medium and are not easily formed in water.