a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Phenol
d) Isopropanol
Answer: c) Phenol
Explanation: Phenol is a stronger acid than alcohols due to the
resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion after losing a proton, which
alcohols do not exhibit.
a) Acetone
b) Phenol
c) Ethanol
d) Methanol
Answer: b) Phenol
Explanation: Phenol has antiseptic properties and was
historically used in disinfectants and antiseptic solutions.
a) Ethanol
b) Ethene
c) Methanol
d) Propanol
Answer: a) Ethanol
Explanation: The IUPAC name for CH₃CH₂OH is ethanol, which is a
two-carbon alcohol.
a) C₆H₆OH
b) CH₃OH
c) CH₃CH₂OH
d) C₆H₅CH₃
Answer: a) C₆H₆OH
Explanation: C₆H₆OH is phenol, which consists of a hydroxyl
group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Glycerol
d) Phenol
Answer: d) Phenol
Explanation: Phenol does not react with sodium metal as easily
as alcohols because of the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed.
a) Ester
b) Ether
c) Aldehyde
d) Ketone
Answer: a) Ester
Explanation: The reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic
acid results in the formation of an ester, which is known as esterification.
a) Nucleophilic substitution
b) Electrophilic addition
c) Dehydration
d) Polymerization
Answer: c) Dehydration
Explanation: Alcohols can undergo dehydration (removal of
water) to form alkenes in the presence of a strong acid like concentrated
sulfuric acid.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Isopropanol
d) Tert-butanol
Answer: b) Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol can be oxidized to acetic acid, which is a
carboxylic acid, by an oxidizing agent like potassium dichromate.
a) Sodium metal
b) Lucas reagent
c) Bromine water
d) Sodium hydroxide
Answer: b) Lucas reagent
Explanation: Lucas reagent (a mixture of zinc chloride and
hydrochloric acid) is used to differentiate alcohols based on their reactivity,
where tertiary alcohols react immediately, secondary alcohols react slowly, and
primary alcohols do not react.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Butanol
d) Glycerol
Answer: b) Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol can be oxidized to acetaldehyde, a
two-carbon aldehyde, under mild oxidation conditions.
a) Toluene
b) Hydroquinone
c) Methanol
d) Benzene
Answer: b) Hydroquinone
Explanation: Hydroquinone is a phenolic compound with two
hydroxyl groups attached to a benzene ring.
a) Williamson’s synthesis
b) Nucleophilic substitution
c) Dehydration
d) Addition reaction
Answer: a) Williamson’s synthesis
Explanation: Williamson’s synthesis is a method used to prepare
ethers by reacting an alkoxide ion with a primary halide in an SN2 mechanism.
a) -COOH
b) -OH
c) -NH₂
d) -COOCH₃
Answer: b) -OH
Explanation: The functional group in alcohols is the hydroxyl
group (-OH).
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Propanol
d) Butanol
Answer: d) Butanol
Explanation: Butanol has a longer hydrophobic tail compared to
methanol, ethanol, and propanol, making it less soluble in water.
a) Covalent bonding
b) Ionic bonding
c) Hydrogen bonding
d) Metallic bonding
Answer: c) Hydrogen bonding
Explanation: Alcohols can form hydrogen bonds with water
molecules due to the presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group, which makes them
soluble in water.
a) Ethene
b) Ethanol
c) Acetaldehyde
d) Ethyl sulfate
Answer: a) Ethene
Explanation: Ethanol undergoes dehydration to form ethene
(C₂H₄) when heated with concentrated sulfuric acid.
a) Benzene
b) Salicylic acid
c) Phenyl isocyanate
d) 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Answer: b) Salicylic acid
Explanation: Phenol reacts with chloroform (CHCl₃) in the
presence of sodium hydroxide to form salicylic acid.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Propanol
d) 2-Propanol
Answer: d) 2-Propanol
Explanation: 2-Propanol is a secondary alcohol, and upon
oxidation, it forms acetone, a ketone.
a) Diethyl ether
b) Methyl ether
c) Phenyl ether
d) Tert-butyl ether
Answer: a) Diethyl ether
Explanation: Diethyl ether is commonly used as a solvent in
laboratories due to its low boiling point and ability to dissolve a wide range
of compounds.
a) Increase in the number of alkyl groups
b) Decrease in the size of alkyl groups
c) Presence of electron-withdrawing groups
d) Presence of electron-donating groups
Answer: c) Presence of electron-withdrawing groups
Explanation: Electron-withdrawing groups stabilize the negative
charge on the oxygen atom after deprotonation, increasing the acidity of
alcohols.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Isopropanol
d) Butanol
Answer: b) Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol is a primary alcohol because the hydroxyl
group is attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to only one other carbon.
a) They are highly polar
b) They are easily oxidized
c) They are highly soluble in water
d) They have a low boiling point
Answer: d) They have a low boiling point
Explanation: Ethers generally have lower boiling points
compared to alcohols because they cannot form hydrogen bonds with each other,
unlike alcohols.
a) Diethyl ether
b) Phenol
c) Methanol
d) Acetone
Answer: a) Diethyl ether
Explanation: Diethyl ether was historically used as a general
anesthetic due to its ability to induce unconsciousness, though it is less
commonly used now.
a) Friedel-Crafts alkylation
b) Friedel-Crafts acylation
c) Dow process
d) Kolbe’s reaction
Answer: c) Dow process
Explanation: The Dow process is used for the industrial
preparation of phenol from benzene by reacting it with chlorine and sodium
hydroxide.
a) 1-Butanol
b) 2-Butanol
c) 3-Methyl-2-butanol
d) 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanol
Answer: b) 2-Butanol
Explanation: 2-Butanol is chiral because it has a carbon center
that is attached to four different groups, making it non-superimposable on its
mirror image.
a) Phenol
b) Alcohol
c) Aldehyde
d) Alcohol halide
Answer: d) Alcohol halide
Explanation: Alcohol halides can undergo nucleophilic
substitution reactions to form ethers when reacted with an alcohol or phenol.
a) Methanol
b) Butanol
c) Ethanol
d) Glycerol
Answer: c) Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol is commonly used as a biofuel in internal
combustion engines, either alone or in a mixture with gasoline.
a) Methyl ethyl ether
b) Diethyl ether
c) Phenyl ether
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: All of the listed compounds (methyl ethyl ether,
diethyl ether, and phenyl ether) are examples of simple ethers.
a) A white precipitate
b) A yellow precipitate
c) No reaction
d) Formation of a diazonium salt
Answer: a) A white precipitate
Explanation: The reaction of phenol with bromine results in the
formation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol, which is a white precipitate.
a) Ethanol
b) Propanol
c) Methanol
d) Glycerol
Answer: d) Glycerol
Explanation: Glycerol is used as a base in the manufacture of
perfumes due to its ability to dissolve aromatic compounds.
a) Acetone
b) Ethene
c) Acetic acid
d) Butane
Answer: b) Ethene
Explanation: Ethanol undergoes dehydration in the presence of a
strong acid to form ethene (ethylene).
a) Alcohol
b) Phenol
c) Ether
d) Carboxylic acid
Answer: c) Ether
Explanation: Ethers contain an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon
atoms and do not have a hydroxyl group (-OH) like alcohols and phenols.
a) Tert-butyl alcohol
b) Ethanol
c) Propanol
d) 2-Butanol
Answer: a) Tert-butyl alcohol
Explanation: Tert-butyl alcohol is a tertiary alcohol, and when
dehydrated, it undergoes rearrangement to form a more stable carbocation and
does not lead to alkene formation in the usual manner.
a) Hydroquinone
b) Butanol
c) Methanol
d) Toluene
Answer: a) Hydroquinone
Explanation: Hydroquinone is used as an antioxidant in
cosmetics and as a stabilizer in polymerization reactions.
a) Alcohols
b) Carboxylic acids
c) Halides
d) Phenols
Answer: a) Alcohols
Explanation: Alcohols can react with alkyl halides in a
Williamson synthesis reaction to form ethers.
a) They are weak acids
b) They are highly basic
c) They are neutral compounds
d) They form salts with acids
Answer: d) They form salts with acids
Explanation: Phenols are weak acids, and they can form salts
with bases like sodium hydroxide.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Butanol
d) Tert-butyl alcohol
Answer: d) Tert-butyl alcohol
Explanation: Tert-butyl alcohol is a tertiary alcohol and is
resistant to oxidation due to the absence of a hydrogen atom attached to the
carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Tert-butyl alcohol
d) Isopropyl alcohol
Answer: a) Methanol
Explanation: Methanol is a primary alcohol and is more reactive
in nucleophilic substitution due to the smaller size of the methyl group.
a) Steam distillation
b) Friedel-Crafts acylation
c) Hock's process
d) Kolbe's reaction
Answer: c) Hock's process
Explanation: Hock’s process is used for the industrial
preparation of phenol from cumene by oxidation.
a) Ethanol
b) Methanol
c) Butanol
d) Tert-butyl alcohol
Answer: a) Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol can be oxidized to acetic acid, a
carboxylic acid.
a) Dimethyl ether
b) Ethyl methyl ether
c) Ethoxyethane
d) Butyl ether
Answer: c) Ethoxyethane
Explanation: The IUPAC name for the compound CH₃-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₃
is ethoxyethane, where the ethoxy group is attached to an ethane backbone.
a) Diethyl ether
b) Ethanol
c) Phenol
d) Acetone
Answer: a) Diethyl ether
Explanation: Diethyl ether is widely used as an industrial
solvent due to its ability to dissolve many organic compounds.
a) Ether
b) Ester
c) Alcohol
d) Aldehyde
Answer: b) Ester
Explanation: When an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid in
the presence of an acid catalyst, an ester is formed in a process known as
esterification.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) 2-Propanol
d) 1-Butanol
Answer: c) 2-Propanol
Explanation: 2-Propanol is a secondary alcohol because the
hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to two other carbon
atoms.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Propanol
d) Butanol
Answer: a) Methanol
Explanation: Methanol is the most soluble in water because it
has the smallest size and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Phenol
d) Glycerol
Answer: c) Phenol
Explanation: Phenol is highly reactive in electrophilic
substitution reactions due to the electron-donating nature of the hydroxyl group
attached to the benzene ring.
a) Propanol
b) Butanol
c) Methanol
d) Isopropanol
Answer: a) Propanol
Explanation: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH is propanol, a primary alcohol with
three carbon atoms.
a) Diethyl ether
b) Methoxyethane
c) Phenyl ether
d) Dimethyl ether
Answer: a) Diethyl ether
Explanation: Diethyl ether was historically used as an
anesthetic due to its volatile nature.
a) Aldehyde
b) Alkene
c) Carboxylic acid
d) Ether
Answer: b) Alkene
Explanation: Alcohols can undergo dehydration in the presence
of a strong acid to form alkenes.
a) Phenols are less acidic than alcohols.
b) Phenols are more acidic than alcohols.
c) Phenols are neutral compounds.
d) Phenols cannot undergo electrophilic substitution.
Answer: b) Phenols are more acidic than alcohols.
Explanation: Phenols are more acidic than alcohols because the
negative charge on the oxygen atom after deprotonation can be stabilized by
resonance with the aromatic ring.