ROUTERA


Chapter 4 Reproductive health

Class 12th Biology Chapter MCQs


1. Which of the following is a key focus of reproductive health?

  • A) Family planning
  • B) Maternal health
  • C) Prevention of STDs
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: Reproductive health includes various aspects such as family planning, maternal health, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and overall reproductive well-being.


2. Which method of contraception is most commonly used in India?

  • A) Oral contraceptives
  • B) Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
  • C) Barrier methods (e.g., condoms)
  • D) Sterilization

Answer: B
Explanation: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are one of the most commonly used methods of contraception in India as they are effective and long-term.


3. Which of the following is an advantage of hormonal contraception?

  • A) It is a temporary method
  • B) It is free from side effects
  • C) It provides long-term contraception without surgery
  • D) It has no failure rate

Answer: C
Explanation: Hormonal contraception provides long-term contraception without requiring surgery, but it may have some side effects.


4. The main purpose of the use of condoms is to:

  • A) Prevent pregnancy
  • B) Prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) None of the above

Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms are used both to prevent pregnancy and to reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).


5. Which of the following is a permanent method of contraception for males?

  • A) Vasectomy
  • B) Condom
  • C) Oral contraceptives
  • D) Intrauterine device (IUD)

Answer: A
Explanation: Vasectomy is a permanent method of contraception for males where the vas deferens is cut and sealed to prevent sperm from reaching the semen.


6. Which of the following is a method of fertility regulation?

  • A) Natural family planning
  • B) Oral contraceptive pills
  • C) Barrier methods
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: Fertility regulation can be achieved through various methods, including natural family planning, oral contraceptives, and barrier methods like condoms.


7. Which of the following is a common symptom of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

  • A) Painful urination
  • B) Abnormal discharge from genitals
  • C) Genital sores
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: Painful urination, abnormal discharge, and genital sores are all common symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).


8. The medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is allowed up to how many weeks of pregnancy under Indian law?

  • A) 10 weeks
  • B) 12 weeks
  • C) 20 weeks
  • D) 24 weeks

Answer: C
Explanation: In India, medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is allowed up to 20 weeks of pregnancy under certain circumstances.


9. Which of the following is a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a bacterium?

  • A) HIV
  • B) Syphilis
  • C) Herpes
  • D) Hepatitis B

Answer: B
Explanation: Syphilis is an STI caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, while the other options are caused by viruses.


10. Which of the following is a barrier method of contraception?

  • A) Oral contraceptives
  • B) IUDs
  • C) Condom
  • D) Sterilization

Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms are a barrier method of contraception as they physically block sperm from reaching the egg.


11. Which of the following contraceptive methods involves the use of a device inserted into the uterus?

  • A) IUDs
  • B) Oral contraceptives
  • C) Condoms
  • D) Sterilization

Answer: A
Explanation: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy by preventing fertilization or implantation.


12. Which hormone is commonly found in oral contraceptives?

  • A) Progesterone
  • B) Estrogen
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) Testosterone

Answer: C
Explanation: Oral contraceptives typically contain both estrogen and progesterone, which prevent ovulation and make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg.


13. Which of the following is an advantage of IUDs?

  • A) They are non-hormonal
  • B) They are reversible
  • C) They provide long-term contraception
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: IUDs are non-hormonal, reversible, and provide long-term contraception, making them a popular choice for many women.


14. Which of the following is true about tubal ligation in females?

  • A) It is a temporary method of contraception.
  • B) It is a reversible surgical procedure.
  • C) It is a permanent method of contraception.
  • D) It involves the removal of the uterus.

Answer: C
Explanation: Tubal ligation is a permanent method of contraception for females where the fallopian tubes are cut or blocked to prevent eggs from meeting sperm.


15. Which of the following is NOT a form of contraceptive method?

  • A) Spermicides
  • B) Vasectomy
  • C) Antibiotics
  • D) Condoms

Answer: C
Explanation: Antibiotics are used to treat infections and are not a form of contraception.


16. Which of the following methods helps in preventing the transmission of HIV?

  • A) Male condoms
  • B) Oral contraceptives
  • C) Injectable contraceptives
  • D) Intrauterine devices (IUDs)

Answer: A
Explanation: Male condoms are an effective barrier method that helps prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).


17. What is the primary cause of infertility in males?

  • A) Low sperm count
  • B) Low estrogen levels
  • C) High blood pressure
  • D) Smoking

Answer: A
Explanation: Low sperm count is one of the primary causes of infertility in males, which can affect the ability to conceive.


18. What is the surgical method of contraception for males called?

  • A) Tubectomy
  • B) Vasectomy
  • C) Hysterectomy
  • D) Laparotomy

Answer: B
Explanation: Vasectomy is a surgical procedure for males in which the vas deferens is cut or blocked to prevent the passage of sperm.


19. Which of the following is a reversible contraceptive method?

  • A) Vasectomy
  • B) Oral contraceptive pills
  • C) Tubal ligation
  • D) Both A and C

Answer: B
Explanation: Oral contraceptive pills are a reversible method, while vasectomy and tubal ligation are permanent methods of contraception.


20. Which of the following is an example of a natural method of contraception?

  • A) Calendar method
  • B) Male condom
  • C) IUD
  • D) Hormonal injections

Answer: A
Explanation: The calendar method is a natural method where individuals track the menstrual cycle to avoid intercourse during fertile periods.


21. Which of the following is the function of the placenta?

  • A) Provides nutrients to the developing fetus
  • B) Removes waste products from the fetus
  • C) Produces hormones necessary for pregnancy
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: The placenta provides nutrients, removes waste, and produces hormones necessary to sustain pregnancy.


22. What is the main function of the amniotic sac during pregnancy?

  • A) Protects the embryo from infections
  • B) Provides nutrients to the fetus
  • C) Maintains the temperature and humidity around the fetus
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: The amniotic sac surrounds the fetus, protecting it, maintaining temperature, and providing a cushion against external pressure.


23. Which of the following is the most common method of abortion in the first trimester?

  • A) Medical abortion
  • B) Dilation and curettage (D&C)
  • C) Surgical abortion
  • D) Misoprostol

Answer: A
Explanation: Medical abortion, often using medications like mifepristone and misoprostol, is the most common method of abortion in the first trimester.


24. Which of the following is true about the role of contraceptive pills?

  • A) They prevent ovulation
  • B) They cause permanent infertility
  • C) They prevent menstruation
  • D) They enhance fertility

Answer: A
Explanation: Contraceptive pills prevent ovulation, making it difficult for fertilization to occur.


25. Which of the following is true about IUDs (intrauterine devices)?

  • A) They are a permanent method of contraception
  • B) They prevent sperm from reaching the egg
  • C) They are only effective for a year
  • D) They are effective only during menstruation

Answer: B
Explanation: IUDs prevent sperm from reaching the egg by altering the conditions within the uterus, making it inhospitable for fertilization.


26. Which of the following hormones is used in emergency contraception?

  • A) Progesterone
  • B) Estrogen
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) Testosterone

Answer: C
Explanation: Emergency contraception typically uses a combination of estrogen and progesterone to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse.


27. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus and is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

  • A) Gonorrhea
  • B) Chlamydia
  • C) Genital warts
  • D) Syphilis

Answer: C
Explanation: Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a viral STI.


28. Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

  • A) Syphilis
  • B) HIV/AIDS
  • C) Malaria
  • D) Gonorrhea

Answer: C
Explanation: Malaria is not a sexually transmitted infection; it is caused by the Plasmodium parasite transmitted by mosquitoes.


29. What is the process called where the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall?

  • A) Ovulation
  • B) Implantation
  • C) Menstruation
  • D) Fertilization

Answer: B
Explanation: Implantation is the process where the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall, starting the pregnancy.


30. Which of the following methods prevents the fertilization of an egg?

  • A) Intrauterine device (IUD)
  • B) Vasectomy
  • C) Tubectomy
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: All of the above methods (IUD, vasectomy, and tubectomy) prevent fertilization through physical or hormonal barriers.


31. What is the role of the hormone hCG during pregnancy?

  • A) It helps in the development of the placenta
  • B) It maintains the corpus luteum
  • C) It promotes ovulation
  • D) It stimulates lactation

Answer: B
Explanation: hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) helps maintain the corpus luteum, which in turn produces progesterone to sustain pregnancy.


32. Which of the following is the major cause of male infertility?

  • A) Hormonal imbalance
  • B) Low sperm count
  • C) Blocked fallopian tubes
  • D) Ovulatory disorders

Answer: B
Explanation: Low sperm count is the major cause of male infertility, which affects the ability to conceive.


33. Which contraceptive method involves the use of small doses of hormones to prevent pregnancy?

  • A) IUDs
  • B) Oral contraceptive pills
  • C) Condoms
  • D) Natural family planning

Answer: B
Explanation: Oral contraceptive pills release small doses of hormones (estrogen and progesterone) to prevent ovulation.


34. Which of the following conditions can lead to infertility in women?

  • A) Endometriosis
  • B) Ovulatory disorders
  • C) Blocked fallopian tubes
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: Conditions like endometriosis, ovulatory disorders, and blocked fallopian tubes can all contribute to infertility in women.


35. The practice of using modern methods of contraception is known as:

  • A) Family planning
  • B) Abortion
  • C) Reproductive health
  • D) Infertility treatment

Answer: A
Explanation: Family planning refers to the practice of using contraceptive methods to control the timing and number of children.


36. What is the main purpose of the copper IUD?

  • A) To prevent ovulation
  • B) To block sperm
  • C) To increase sperm motility
  • D) To alter hormonal levels

Answer: B
Explanation: Copper IUDs work by releasing copper, which is toxic to sperm and prevents them from reaching the egg.


37. Which of the following diseases is caused by a fungal infection and is a sexually transmitted infection?

  • A) Gonorrhea
  • B) Candidiasis
  • C) Herpes
  • D) Syphilis

Answer: B
Explanation: Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is caused by a fungal infection and is a type of sexually transmitted infection.


38. Which of the following contraceptive methods is least effective in preventing pregnancy?

  • A) Male condoms
  • B) Intrauterine devices
  • C) Withdrawal method
  • D) Oral contraceptives

Answer: C
Explanation: The withdrawal method is the least effective because it relies on self-control and has a high failure rate.


39. What is the role of progesterone in pregnancy?

  • A) It stimulates milk production
  • B) It supports the thickening of the endometrium for implantation
  • C) It triggers ovulation
  • D) It prevents menstrual bleeding

Answer: B
Explanation: Progesterone helps maintain the thickened endometrium to support implantation and early pregnancy.


40. Which of the following is a non-hormonal method of contraception?

  • A) IUD
  • B) Condoms
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) Oral contraceptives

Answer: C
Explanation: Both IUDs and condoms are non-hormonal methods of contraception, as they physically block fertilization.


41. Which of the following is a method of contraception that involves using a barrier to prevent sperm from reaching the egg?

  • A) Condom
  • B) Oral contraceptive pills
  • C) IUDs
  • D) Both B and C

Answer: A
Explanation: A condom acts as a barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the egg.


42. Which of the following is a natural method of family planning?

  • A) Calendar method
  • B) IUDs
  • C) Oral contraceptive pills
  • D) Sterilization

Answer: A
Explanation: The calendar method is a natural way to avoid pregnancy by tracking ovulation and avoiding intercourse during fertile periods.


43. What is the function of the hormone oxytocin during childbirth?

  • A) It triggers ovulation
  • B) It stimulates milk production
  • C) It initiates uterine contractions
  • D) It maintains the corpus luteum

Answer: C
Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during labor, helping to deliver the baby.


44. Which of the following is a major disadvantage of hormonal contraception?

  • A) High effectiveness rate
  • B) Risk of side effects
  • C) It is non-reversible
  • D) It prevents STDs

Answer: B
Explanation: Hormonal contraception may have side effects like nausea, headaches, and mood changes, which can be a disadvantage for some users.


45. What is the first step in ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology)?

  • A) Sperm collection
  • B) Egg retrieval
  • C) Ovulation induction
  • D) Embryo transfer

Answer: C
Explanation: The first step in ART is ovulation induction to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for fertilization.


46. Which of the following is a feature of assisted reproductive technology (ART)?

  • A) In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
  • B) Surrogacy
  • C) Egg donation
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: ART includes various techniques like IVF, surrogacy, and egg donation to help infertile couples conceive.


47. Which of the following is a permanent method of contraception for men?

  • A) Vasectomy
  • B) Condom use
  • C) Sterilization
  • D) Male contraceptive pill

Answer: A
Explanation: Vasectomy is a permanent method of contraception for men, involving the surgical removal of the vas deferens to prevent sperm from reaching the semen.


48. Which of the following is true about the use of contraceptive pills?

  • A) They provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
  • B) They are 100% effective in preventing pregnancy
  • C) They must be taken every day at the same time
  • D) They cause permanent infertility

Answer: C
Explanation: Contraceptive pills must be taken consistently every day at the same time to be effective.


49. Which of the following contraceptive methods works by preventing the sperm from fertilizing the egg?

  • A) IUDs
  • B) Condoms
  • C) Oral contraceptives
  • D) All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: All of the mentioned methods (IUDs, condoms, and oral contraceptives) prevent fertilization through different mechanisms.


50. Which of the following methods of contraception is considered a permanent solution?

  • A) Vasectomy
  • B) Oral contraceptive pills
  • C) Male condom
  • D) IUD

Answer: A
Explanation: Vasectomy is a permanent contraceptive method for men, involving a surgical procedure to prevent sperm from being released during ejaculation.