Answer: B
Explanation: Industrial emissions are one of
the major causes of air pollution, as industries release large
amounts of harmful gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and
nitrogen oxides (NOₓ).
Answer: A
Explanation: The ozone layer absorbs and
protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, which
can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and harm marine life.
Answer: C
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major
greenhouse gas responsible for trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading
to global warming.
Answer: B
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs),
commonly used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol propellants, are
the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer.
Answer: C
Explanation: Acid rain contains sulfuric and
nitric acids that lower the pH of water bodies and soil, harming aquatic
life and reducing soil fertility.
Answer: B
Explanation: The major contributors to greenhouse gases
are human activities such as fossil fuel combustion in
transportation and industries, which release CO₂, methane (CH₄), and
nitrous oxide (N₂O).
Answer: C
Explanation: Global warming leads to the
melting of polar ice caps, contributing to rising sea levels
and altered weather patterns.
Answer: C
Explanation: Deforestation and
overgrazing by livestock lead to the loss of topsoil, making the soil
more prone to erosion by wind and water.
Answer: B
Explanation: Solar energy is a
renewable resource, as it is naturally replenished and does not deplete
over time like fossil fuels.
Answer: C
Explanation: Oxygen (O₂) is not a greenhouse
gas. Methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and
carbon dioxide (CO₂) are all greenhouse gases that trap heat in
the atmosphere.
Answer: B
Explanation: The most effective way to reduce the
carbon footprint is by reducing fossil fuel usage,
which directly lowers CO₂ emissions.
Answer: A
Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the
variety of life forms (species, ecosystems, and genetic
diversity) present in an environment.
Answer: A
Explanation: Deforestation leads to
decreased biodiversity, as habitats are destroyed, threatening plant
and animal species.
Answer: B
Explanation: Rivers and lakes
are the primary sources of freshwater, which is essential for
drinking, irrigation, and industrial use.
Answer: B
Explanation: Constructing dams and reservoirs
helps in storing water, which can be used for irrigation and
drinking during dry periods.
Answer: A
Explanation: The greenhouse effect is caused
by the emission of greenhouse gases, such as CO₂, CH₄,
and N₂O, which trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere.
Answer: C
Explanation: Acid rain lowers the pH
of lakes and soils, which harms aquatic life and reduces
soil fertility.
Answer: B
Explanation: The use of renewable energy sources,
such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, is a sustainable
practice that helps reduce environmental damage.
Answer: C
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are
the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer, as they
break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere.
Answer: A
Explanation: Recycling is an effective method
for waste disposal as it helps reduce landfill waste and recycles materials for
reuse.
Answer: B
Explanation: The greenhouse effect is caused
by the accumulation of greenhouse gases such as carbon
dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), which trap heat
in the atmosphere.
Answer: B
Explanation: The ozone layer is located in the
stratosphere, where it absorbs most of the sun's harmful
ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Answer: C
Explanation: Solar energy is a
renewable resource, as it is naturally replenished and does not deplete
over time.
Answer: B
Explanation: The main cause of global warming
is the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, which trap heat.
Answer: D
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most
significant greenhouse gas contributing to the greenhouse effect
and global warming.
Answer: C
Explanation: Coal is a non-renewable
resource, as it takes millions of years to form and cannot be
replenished on a human timescale.
Answer: B
Explanation: The accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO₂)
and other greenhouse gases leads to global warming, which
results in rising temperatures.
Answer: D
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are
the primary substances responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer,
as they break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere.
Answer: B
Explanation: Global warming leads to the
melting of polar ice caps, contributing to rising sea levels
and more extreme weather events.
Answer: B
Explanation: Solar energy is the primary
source of energy for life on Earth. It drives photosynthesis in plants and is
the basis for most food chains.
Answer: C
Explanation: Afforestation (planting trees)
helps control soil erosion by stabilizing the soil with plant
roots, preventing soil loss due to wind and water.
Answer: C
Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the
variety of life forms, including species diversity,
ecosystem diversity, and genetic diversity.
Answer: B
Explanation: Microorganisms play a crucial
role in degrading pollutants and recycling nutrients,
thus contributing to environmental conservation.
Answer: B
Explanation: Plastic is an example of
non-biodegradable waste, as it does not decompose naturally and
accumulates in the environment.
Answer: B
Explanation: Planting trees helps in absorbing
carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, which can
help reduce air pollution.
Answer: C
Explanation: Carbon monoxide (CO) is released
by vehicles during the combustion of fossil fuels, and it is a major contributor
to air pollution.
Answer: A
Explanation: Smog is a mixture of
ozone (O₃), particulate matter, and other air pollutants, which are
harmful to human health.
Answer: A
Explanation: Reducing the use of pesticides
helps minimize their impact on soil and water pollution, thus
benefiting the environment.
Answer: D
Explanation: Acid rain lowers the pH
levels of water bodies, which harms aquatic life by disrupting their
natural biological processes.
Answer: C
Explanation: Sustainable development seeks to
balance economic growth, environmental protection,
and social equity to ensure long-term prosperity.
Answer: C
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are
primarily responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer, as
they break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere.
Answer: B
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most
significant contributor to the greenhouse effect and global
warming.
Answer: C
Explanation: In an ecosystem, energy transfer
occurs through the food chain, where energy is passed from
producers to consumers and decomposers.
Answer: A
Explanation: The use of fertilizers can lead to water
contamination and eutrophication, which degrades water
quality and harms aquatic ecosystems.
Answer: C
Explanation: Solar energy is a
renewable energy source, as it is naturally replenished and does not
deplete over time.
Answer: B
Explanation: Deforestation leads to the
loss of biodiversity as it destroys habitats for many species.
Answer: B
Explanation: Afforestation helps reduce soil
erosion by providing vegetative cover that stabilizes the soil
with roots.
Answer: C
Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are
the primary cause of ozone layer depletion, as they break down
ozone molecules in the stratosphere.
Answer: A
Explanation: Biofuels contribute to a
reduced carbon footprint because they are renewable and produce fewer
emissions compared to fossil fuels.
Answer: A
Explanation: The use of catalytic converters
in vehicles helps reduce the emission of harmful gases like carbon monoxide,
nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons, thus preventing air pollution.