Answer: B
Explanation: Tropical rainforests are known to
have the richest biodiversity due to their warm climate and
year-round sunlight, supporting a variety of plant and animal species.
Answer: A
Explanation: Habitat destruction is one of the
leading causes of species extinction, as it removes the natural environment
needed for species to survive.
Answer: C
Explanation: In-situ conservation involves
protecting species in their natural habitats, such as through the establishment
of protected areas like national parks and wildlife
sanctuaries.
Answer: C
Explanation: Botanical gardens are an example
of ex-situ conservation, where plant species are conserved
outside their natural habitat.
Answer: A
Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the
variety of life forms present on Earth, including different
species, ecosystems, and genetic variations.
Answer: C
Explanation: Ecosystem diversity represents
the variety of ecosystems in a given area, which is considered the highest level
of biodiversity.
Answer: B
Explanation: The primary goal of biodiversity
conservation is to maintain ecosystem functions, which
support life on Earth by regulating processes such as nutrient cycling and
climate control.
Answer: A
Explanation: Endemic species are species that
are native to a specific geographic area and are found nowhere else on Earth.
Answer: D
Explanation: The IUCN Red List provides a
comprehensive list of species that are classified according to their
conservation status, including endangered, threatened,
and extinct species.
Answer: A
Explanation: The Dodo is a species that is
considered extinct, as it was wiped out due to human activity
and introduced species.
Answer: C
Explanation: Tropical rainforests are known
for their high species diversity due to their stable climate,
abundant sunlight, and varied vegetation.
Answer: D
Explanation: Biosphere reserves are protected
areas that aim to conserve not only species but also
genetic diversity, ecosystems, and the sustainable
development of surrounding areas.
Answer: C
Explanation: A wildlife sanctuary is an
example of in-situ conservation, where species are conserved in
their natural habitat.
Answer: D
Explanation: Climate change, habitat
fragmentation, and pollution are all significant
threats to biodiversity, leading to the destruction and
degradation of ecosystems.
Answer: D
Explanation: The Bengal tiger is listed as an
endangered species in India due to habitat loss, poaching, and
human-wildlife conflict.
Answer: D
Explanation: Biodiversity provides several
ecosystem services, such as pollination, air
purification, and climate regulation, but
fossil fuel production is not one of them.
Answer: B
Explanation: Seed banks are used to conserve
seeds of threatened plant species and ensure their availability
for future regeneration and research.
Answer: A
Explanation: A reintroduction program involves
the breeding and reintroducing endangered species
into their natural habitat to restore their populations.
Answer: B
Explanation: Conservation biology aims to
prevent extinction and maintain biodiversity
by understanding the factors that threaten species and ecosystems.
Answer: B
Explanation: Deforestation is a major cause of
biodiversity loss in forests as it destroys the habitats of
numerous plant and animal species.
Answer: B
Explanation: Ex-situ conservation involves
conserving species outside their natural habitat, such as in zoos,
aquariums, or botanical gardens.
Answer: A
Explanation: Biodiversity hotspots are regions
that have high species endemism and are undergoing
significant habitat loss, making them priorities for conservation.
Answer: B
Explanation: The primary concern of wildlife
conservation is to protect endangered species and
their habitats to prevent extinction.
Answer: C
Explanation: Gene banks are used to conserve
the genetic diversity of agricultural species by storing seeds
or plant material for future use.
Answer: C
Explanation: The main objective of the Convention on
Biological Diversity (CBD) is to promote sustainable
development and ensure the conservation of
biodiversity worldwide.
Answer: B
Explanation: Habitat fragmentation often leads
to decreased population sizes and reduced genetic diversity due
to isolated habitats.
Answer: A
Explanation: Bioinvasion refers to the
introduction of a non-native species into an area, often disrupting
local ecosystems and threatening native species.
Answer: D
Explanation: Preventing species extinction requires multiple
actions, including habitat conservation, legal
protection, and restoration efforts.
Answer: D
Explanation: While population growth can
indirectly affect biodiversity, it is not a direct major factor compared to
overexploitation, pollution, and
climate change.
Answer: D
Explanation: The decline in amphibian populations is caused by
multiple factors, including climate change, habitat
loss, and pollution.
Answer: C
Explanation: Agricultural expansion is the
primary driver of deforestation in tropical rainforests as land
is cleared for farming and livestock.
Answer: C
Explanation: Coal is a non-renewable
resource, as it cannot be replenished naturally within a human
lifespan.
Answer: C
Explanation: Reforestation is the practice of
planting trees to replace those that have been cut down,
helping to restore ecosystems.
Answer: C
Explanation: National parks are a form of
in-situ conservation, where species are protected in their
natural habitats.
Answer: B
Explanation: Sustainable development involves
using resources wisely so that they are available for future generations.
Answer: A
Explanation: Clear-cutting is the process of
removing all trees from an area, which can lead to habitat loss
and soil erosion.
Answer: B
Explanation: Overgrazing by livestock can
damage forest ecosystems, leading to soil degradation and loss of biodiversity.
Answer: B
Explanation: The wildlife protection act aims
to prevent illegal hunting and trading of wildlife
to safeguard endangered species.
Answer: C
Explanation: Agroforestry is a method of
sustainable agriculture where trees are integrated into farming
systems, promoting biodiversity and soil health.
Answer: B
Explanation: The key principle of wildlife conservation
is to protect and restore habitats to ensure species can
thrive.
Answer: B
Explanation: Urbanization is the process where
natural ecosystems are replaced by urban areas, leading to
habitat destruction and biodiversity loss.
Answer: B
Explanation: Monoculture farming, where only
one crop is grown, can reduce biodiversity by eliminating
habitat for other species.
Answer: C
Explanation: Zoos are an example of
ex-situ conservation, where species are kept outside their natural
habitats for breeding and protection.
Answer: B
Explanation: Russia has the largest area of
forest cover in the world, mainly consisting of boreal
forests (taiga).
Answer: B
Explanation: Illegal wildlife trade leads to
the depletion of biodiversity, as species are taken from their
natural habitats for profit.
Answer: B
Explanation: Biodiversity provides
ecological stability, ensuring ecosystems can adapt to environmental
changes and support human needs.
Answer: B
Explanation: Endangered species are at risk of
extinction due to factors such as habitat destruction
or illegal hunting.
Answer: B
Explanation: Climate change, including
ocean acidification and warming, is the primary cause
of coral reef degradation.
Answer: B
Explanation: Conserving biodiversity is
crucial to preserve ecosystem services, such as air and water
purification, pollination, and soil fertility.
Answer: C
Explanation: Selective cutting is a
sustainable forest management practice where only certain trees are
harvested, allowing the forest ecosystem to regenerate.