Answer: D
Explanation: The distribution of organisms is influenced by
multiple factors like temperature, soil type,
and water, which all shape the environment of a species.
Answer: C
Explanation: Predators are biotic factors that
influence the population of organisms by hunting and consuming them.
Answer: A
Explanation: Carrying capacity refers to the
maximum population size that an environment can support sustainably.
Answer: B
Explanation: Logistic growth occurs when the
growth rate decreases as the population reaches its carrying capacity,
forming an S-shaped curve.
Answer: D
Explanation: A high metabolic rate is not an
adaptation in deserts. Instead, organisms conserve energy and water by adopting
lower metabolic rates.
Answer: C
Explanation: Earthquakes are
density-independent factors, meaning their effect on population size is not
influenced by the population's density.
Answer: A
Explanation: The term r represents the
intrinsic rate of population growth, indicating how quickly a population can
increase under ideal conditions.
Answer: B
Explanation: In mutualism, both organisms
benefit. In this case, the bee pollinates the flower and gets
nectar, while the plant gets pollinated.
Answer: C
Explanation: r-strategists like rabbits have
high reproductive rates, producing many offspring with little parental care.
Answer: B
Explanation: K-strategists tend to be larger
in size, reproduce later in life, and produce fewer offspring with extensive
parental care.
Answer: B
Explanation: Abiotic factors include
non-living components of the environment, such as temperature, light, and water.
Answer: B
Explanation: A mature temperate forest is
considered a climax community, which is the stable and final
stage of ecological succession.
Answer: A
Explanation: Biotic potential refers to the
maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimal environmental
conditions.
Answer: D
Explanation: A type III survivorship curve
shows high mortality at early ages, typical of species like fish that produce
many offspring with little parental care.
Answer: D
Explanation: Interspecific competition refers
to competition between different species, not predation. A lion hunting a
gazelle is an example of predation, not competition.
Answer: B
Explanation: The Lotka-Volterra model explains
the oscillating populations of predators (wolves) and prey (deer) due to their
interactions.
Answer: D
Explanation: Density-independent factors such
as natural disasters do not depend on population size and affect the population
regardless of its size.
Answer: C
Explanation: In exponential growth, the
population grows at a constant rate, forming a J-shaped curve,
without resource limitations.
Answer: B
Explanation: Savanna ecosystems have
limited rainfall and long dry seasons, with grasses and sparse trees.
Answer: A
Explanation: Mutualism is a type of
interaction where both species benefit, like bees and flowers.
Answer: B
Explanation: An ecological niche refers to the
role an organism plays in its ecosystem, including its
interactions with other species and the environment.
Answer: B
Explanation: When two species occupy the same
ecological niche, one species will likely outcompete the other due to
resource limitations (competitive exclusion principle).
Answer: B
Explanation: Abiotic factors are
non-living components of the environment like temperature
and light.
Answer: B
Explanation: Secondary succession occurs after
a disturbance such as a forest fire, where the soil is still intact.
Answer: C
Explanation: K-strategists have long
lifespans, produce fewer offspring, and invest more in their survival and
growth.
Answer: C
Explanation: A population refers to a group of
individuals of the same species living in a specific geographic area and
interacting with each other.
Answer: B
Explanation: A stable population size occurs
when the birth rate is equal to the death rate,
meaning the population neither increases nor decreases.
Answer: C
Explanation: Food availability is a
density-dependent factor, as its effect on the population size becomes
more significant when the population density is high.
Answer: B
Explanation: Pioneer species are the first
organisms to colonize a barren environment. They are often hardy and can survive
in harsh conditions.
Answer: A
Explanation: Natural selection is the process
by which organisms with traits that are favorable for survival and reproduction
are more likely to pass on their genes to the next generation.
Answer: B
Explanation: r-strategists produce many
offspring but provide little or no parental care. They typically live in
unstable environments where rapid reproduction is advantageous.
Answer: A
Explanation: Exponential growth occurs when a
population grows rapidly without any environmental constraints or limitations,
typically seen when resources are abundant.
Answer: B
Explanation: Resource partitioning occurs when
different species use the same resource in different ways, such as birds feeding
on different parts of the same tree to reduce competition.
Answer: D
Explanation: Age of individual organisms does
not directly affect population density, but factors like
immigration, emigration, and food
availability do.
Answer: C
Explanation: Predation is one of the primary
causes of mortality in natural populations, where predators hunt and consume
other organisms.
Answer: C
Explanation: Frogs are typical examples of
r-strategists as they lay many eggs with little to no parental
care.
Answer: C
Explanation: Invasive species are typically
able to outcompete native species for resources, often leading to the decline or
extinction of native species.
Answer: C
Explanation: Humans exhibit a Type I
survivorship curve, where most individuals survive to old age, with
high survival rates during early and middle life.
Answer: D
Explanation: K-strategists tend to have few
offspring but invest significantly in their care to ensure their survival.
Answer: D
Explanation: Herbivory is not a type of
symbiosis but an interaction where an herbivore feeds on plants, while
mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism
are all types of symbiotic relationships.
Answer: B
Explanation: Logistic growth occurs when
resources are limited and there is competition,
leading to a population growing until it reaches the carrying capacity.
Answer: C
Explanation: Organisms in high-stress environments often
exhibit slow growth as they conserve energy to cope with
environmental challenges.
Answer: C
Explanation: Forest fires are
density-independent factors because their impact on population size is
independent of the population density.
Answer: A
Explanation: Birth rate primarily determines
the population growth rate, as the number of births directly
influences the size of the population.
Answer: B
Explanation: Interspecific competition occurs
when individuals from different species compete for the same resources.
Answer: C
Explanation: In the logistic growth model, the
population growth slows down as resources become limited,
leading to a balance between birth rates and death rates.
Answer: A
Explanation: Carrying capacity refers to the
maximum number of individuals an environment can support sustainably due to
limited resources.
Answer: A
Explanation: Lichens, consisting of algae and
fungi, form a mutualistic relationship, where both organisms
benefit from the partnership.
Answer: C
Explanation: Population stabilization occurs
when birth rates and death rates are equal,
leading to a steady population size.
Answer: A
Explanation: During the exponential growth
phase, the population grows rapidly with high birth rates and
unlimited resources.