ROUTERA


Moving Charges and Magnetism

Class 12th Physics Chapter Assertion and Reason


Assertion and Reason Questions Chapter-4 Moving Charges and Magnetism

Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true, but R is false.

D. A is false, but R is true.


1. Assertion (A): A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its velocity.

Reason (R): This force is described by the Lorentz force law.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The Lorentz force law states that a charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to both the velocity and the magnetic field direction.

2. Assertion (A): The magnetic field inside a long straight current-carrying solenoid is uniform.

Reason (R): The field lines inside the solenoid are parallel and equally spaced.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The uniform spacing of field lines indicates a uniform magnetic field within the solenoid.

3. Assertion (A): The direction of the magnetic field due to a current-carrying wire can be determined using the right-hand thumb rule.

Reason (R): This rule states that if the thumb points in the direction of the current, the curled fingers indicate the magnetic field direction.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The right-hand thumb rule effectively describes the relationship between current direction and the resulting magnetic field.

4. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can exert a force on a stationary charged particle.

Reason (R): The force on a charged particle is independent of its velocity.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: A magnetic field exerts a force on moving charged particles, not on stationary ones, thus A is incorrect.

5. Assertion (A): The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field depends on the angle between the current and the magnetic field.

Reason (R): Maximum force occurs when the angle is 90 degrees.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The force is given by F=I
    BL sin(θ), where maximum force occurs when θ=90.

6. Assertion (A): The magnetic field lines of a bar magnet form closed loops.

Reason (R): Magnetic field lines do not have a beginning or an end.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The closed-loop nature of magnetic field lines indicates that they do not start or end at any point.

7. Assertion (A): A charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field will follow a circular path.

Reason (R): The magnetic force acts as the centripetal force on the particle.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The magnetic force provides the necessary centripetal force, resulting in circular motion.

8. Assertion (A): The magnetic field inside a current-carrying loop is stronger at the center than at the edges.

Reason (R): The magnetic field strength decreases with distance from the loop.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The field is strongest at the center of the loop and diminishes towards the edges.

9. Assertion (A): Electromagnetic induction can occur without the relative motion of the magnet and coil.

Reason (R): Changing the magnetic field strength over time induces an emf.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Faraday's law states that a change in magnetic flux induces an emf, even without motion.

10. Assertion (A): The Hall effect can be used to determine the type of charge carriers in a conductor.

Reason (R): The sign of the Hall voltage indicates whether the charge carriers are positive or negative.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The polarity of the Hall voltage reveals the nature of the charge carriers.

11. Assertion (A): A solenoid can act as a magnet when an electric current flows through it.

Reason (R): The magnetic field generated inside the solenoid is similar to that of a bar magnet.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The solenoid behaves like a magnet, exhibiting north and south poles when current flows.

12. Assertion (A): The force on a charged particle in a magnetic field is zero when the particle moves parallel to the field lines.

Reason (R): The magnetic force depends on the sine of the angle between the velocity and magnetic field vectors.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The force is zero when the angle is 0 degrees (parallel), resulting in F=0.

13. Assertion (A): The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying conductor can be measured using a compass.

Reason (R): The compass needle aligns itself with the magnetic field direction.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The compass needle's alignment demonstrates the magnetic field direction.

14. Assertion (A): An electron moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that can change its speed.

Reason (R): The magnetic force acts perpendicular to the velocity of the electron.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The magnetic force changes the direction of the electron's velocity, not its speed.

15. Assertion (A): The right-hand rule can be used to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor.

Reason (R): The direction of the field is perpendicular to the current flow.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The right-hand rule shows that the magnetic field direction is indeed perpendicular to the current.

16. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can do work on a charged particle.

Reason (R): The magnetic force can change the kinetic energy of the particle.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The magnetic field does not do work since it acts perpendicular to the displacement; it only changes direction.

17. Assertion (A): The force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field can be increased by increasing the current.

Reason (R): The force is directly proportional to the current flowing through the conductor.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: According to the formula F=I
    BL, the force increases with increased current.

18. Assertion (A): The direction of the magnetic field around a straight conductor can be reversed by reversing the current direction.

Reason (R): The right-hand rule shows the direction of the field is dependent on current flow.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Reversing the current also reverses the magnetic field direction as shown by the right-hand rule.

19. Assertion (A): A charged particle moving in a circular path in a magnetic field experiences a constant speed.

Reason (R): The magnetic force acts as a centripetal force.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The centripetal force maintains constant speed, while the magnetic force changes direction.

20. Assertion (A): The magnetic field inside a solenoid is uniform, while that outside is weak.

Reason (R): The field lines inside the solenoid are dense and parallel.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The dense, parallel field lines indicate a strong and uniform magnetic field inside.

21. Assertion (A): When the angle between the magnetic field and the velocity of a charged particle is 90 degrees, the magnetic force is at its minimum.

Reason (R): The force is given by the equation F=qvBsin(θ).

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The force is maximum at 90 degrees; it is zero when the angle is 0 degrees.

22. Assertion (A): The force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field is affected by the length of the wire.

Reason (R): Longer wires experience greater magnetic forces.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The force increases with the length of the wire, as per F=IBL.

23. Assertion (A): Electrons in a wire moving through a magnetic field experience a magnetic force.

Reason (R): The motion of the electrons creates an electric field in the wire.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The electrons experience a magnetic force due to their velocity in the magnetic field, but R does not explain A.

24. Assertion (A): The magnetic field due to a circular loop of wire is concentrated at the center of the loop.

Reason (R): The field strength decreases as one moves away from the loop.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The magnetic field is strongest at the center and weakens with distance from the loop.

25. Assertion (A): The Hall voltage is directly proportional to the magnetic field strength.

Reason (R): Increasing the magnetic field strength increases the force on charge carriers.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: A stronger magnetic field results in a higher Hall voltage due to increased force on charge carriers.

26. Assertion (A): The magnetic field lines produced by two current-carrying wires can interact with each other.

Reason (R): Like currents repel, while opposite currents attract.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The interaction between the magnetic fields of two wires leads to attraction or repulsion based on current direction.

27. Assertion (A): The force between two parallel current-carrying conductors depends on the distance between them.

Reason (R): The force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: While the force does depend on distance, it is directly proportional to the current and length of the conductors, not inversely.

28. Assertion (A): A charged particle moving in a magnetic field will undergo uniform circular motion.

Reason (R): The magnetic force provides a constant centripetal force on the particle.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The magnetic force maintains uniform circular motion by acting as centripetal force.

29. Assertion (A): The unit of magnetic field strength is Tesla.

Reason (R): 1 Tesla is defined as 1 Weber per square meter.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Tesla is defined in terms of magnetic flux density, correlating with Weber per square meter.

30. Assertion (A): The direction of the induced current in a coil can be predicted using Lenz's law.

Reason (R): Lenz's law states that induced current will oppose the change in magnetic flux.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Lenz's law effectively describes the behavior of induced currents in response to changes in magnetic flux.

31. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can exert a torque on a current loop.

Reason (R): The torque depends on the current flowing in the loop and the area of the loop.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The torque on a current loop in a magnetic field is given by τ=NIABsin
    (θ).

32. Assertion (A): The magnetic field produced by a solenoid is similar to that of a bar magnet.

Reason (R): A solenoid has distinct north and south poles.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The behavior and characteristics of a solenoid's magnetic field resemble those of a bar magnet.

33. Assertion (A): The angle of deflection of a charged particle in a magnetic field is constant.

Reason (R): The magnetic force acts perpendicular to the velocity of the particle.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The angle of deflection is not constant; it changes with the particle's path due to uniform circular motion.

34. Assertion (A): The magnetic field strength decreases as one moves away from a long straight current-carrying wire.

Reason (R): The magnetic field lines spread out as they move away from the wire.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The spreading of magnetic field lines leads to a decrease in field strength with distance.

35. Assertion (A): The direction of the induced emf in a coil can change based on the movement of the magnetic field.

Reason (R): The induced emf depends on the rate of change of magnetic flux.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Changes in magnetic flux through a coil lead to variations in induced emf direction according to Faraday's law.

36. Assertion (A): The motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field can be described as helical.

Reason (R): The magnetic force causes circular motion while the electric field causes linear motion.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The magnetic force causes circular motion; the electric field does not necessarily relate to the helical path.

37. Assertion (A): A conductor carrying a current in a magnetic field will experience a force that is independent of its orientation.

Reason (R): The force is given by the equation F=BILsin(θ).

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The force does depend on the orientation of the conductor with respect to the magnetic field.

38. Assertion (A): The force between two current-carrying conductors can be attractive or repulsive.

Reason (R): The nature of the force depends on the direction of the currents in the wires.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The interaction is attractive if currents are in the same direction and repulsive if opposite.

39. Assertion (A): The magnetic field inside a solenoid can be increased by increasing the current through it.

Reason (R): The strength of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the current flowing through the solenoid.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The magnetic field inside a solenoid is given by B=μ0nIB = \mu_0 n IB=μ0​nI, showing direct proportionality to current.

40. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can induce an emf in a closed loop.

Reason (R): This phenomenon is explained by Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Faraday's law states that a changing magnetic field induces an emf in a closed loop.

41. Assertion (A): The magnetic field due to a straight current-carrying wire is circular.

Reason (R): The field lines form concentric circles around the wire.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The concentric circular field lines illustrate the magnetic field pattern around a straight wire.

42. Assertion (A): The motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field can be described by circular motion.

Reason (R): The magnetic force acts perpendicular to the velocity of the particle, providing centripetal force.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The perpendicular magnetic force maintains circular motion as a centripetal force.

43. Assertion (A): The magnetic field strength is strongest at the poles of a magnet.

Reason (R): The magnetic field lines are dense at the poles.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The density of magnetic field lines indicates stronger field strength at the poles.

44. Assertion (A): The magnetic field created by a solenoid can be reversed by reversing the current direction.

Reason (R): Changing the current direction also reverses the polarity of the solenoid.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Reversing the current leads to a reversal of the magnetic field direction, similar to a bar magnet.

45. Assertion (A): The path of a charged particle in a magnetic field can be a straight line if the velocity is parallel to the field.

Reason (R): The magnetic force is zero when the angle is zero degrees.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: When the particle moves parallel to the magnetic field, no magnetic force acts on it.

46. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can do work on a charged particle.

Reason (R): The magnetic force can change the speed of the particle.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: The magnetic field does not do work; it changes the direction, not the speed of the particle.

47. Assertion (A): The force experienced by a charged particle in a magnetic field is directly proportional to the charge of the particle.

Reason (R): The force equation includes the charge term qqq.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The force increases with charge as shown in the equation F=qvBsin
    (θ)F = qvB \sin(\theta)F=qvBsin(θ).

48. Assertion (A): A magnetic field can exist in a vacuum.

Reason (R): The magnetic field does not require a medium for propagation.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: Magnetic fields can exist and propagate through a vacuum, unlike electric fields which require a medium for conduction.

49. Assertion (A): The torque experienced by a current-carrying loop in a magnetic field is zero when the plane of the loop is parallel to the magnetic field lines.

Reason (R): Torque is maximum when the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the magnetic field.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (a)
    Explanation: The definition of torque indicates it is zero when the plane is parallel to the field lines.

50. Assertion (A): The magnetic field strength around a straight wire decreases with distance.

Reason (R): The field strength is inversely proportional to the distance from the wire.

  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Answer: (b)
    Explanation: While the magnetic field does decrease with distance, the relationship is not strictly inverse but involves logarithmic properties as well.