Time : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions
Section
A
Section A consists of 20
questions of 1 mark each
Question 1.
While teaching, Miss Suchi asked her students about the first
book printed by Gutenberg Press. Here, Miss Suchi is
referring to ………………………….
. (1)
(a) Diamond Sutra
(b) Chapbooks
(c) Bible
(d) Almanac
Answer:
(c) Bible
Question 2.
Germany was unified by:
(a) The military actions
(b)
Revolutionary upsurge
(c) Peasants uprising
(d) Liberals revolution
Answer:
(a) The military actions
Question 3.
In 1860, the artist Lorenz Ciasen was commissioned to paint
this image. The inscription on Germania’s sword reads. ‘The German sword
protects the German Rhine.’ Which of the following options host signifies the
idea behind this image? Identify. (2)
(a) It was a response to French sabre raising about
recapturing French IerriLorv across the Rhine.
(b) It was used as an example
of classical themes for political reasons 19th century Germans’.
(c) It
signifies the readiness to fight.
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both
(a) and (b)
Question 4.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
I. The T-
Model Ford was the world’s first mass-produced car.
II. China became an
attractive destination for investment by foreign MNCs competing to capture world
markets.
III. During the Great Depression, agricultural regions and
communities were the worst affected.
IV. The Second World War caused an
immense amount of economic devastation and social disruption.
Options:
(a)
I, II, III, IV
(b) IV, I, II, III
(c) III, IV, II, I
(d) I, III, IV,
II
Answer:
(d) I, III, IV, II
Question 5.
Which of the following is true for geothermal energy?
(a)
Experimental projects are set up in Puga Valley Ladakh.
(b) The Aravalli
ranges of Rajasthan have small reserves of it.
(c) It develops in regions
where there is low temperature.
(d) They are good sources for exhaustible
conventional fuels.
Answer:
(a) Experimental projects are set up in Puga
Valley Ladakh.
Question 6.
Which one of the following factors is mainly responsible for
the declining water level in India?
(a) Irrigation
(b)
Industrialisation
(c) Urbanisation
(d) Over-utilisation
Answer:
(a)
Irrigation
Question 7.
Cotton thrives in soil that has good drainage and can hold
water. The cotton plant suffers from excessive wetness and waterlogging.
…………………… is appropriate for the growth of cotton because it has a high clay
content and a good capacity to retain water. (1)
(a) Black soil
(b) Red
soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Saline soil
Answer:
(a) Black soil
Question 8.
Consider the following statements regarding democracy and
identify the incorrect one from the following:
(a) It brings improvement in
the quality of decision-making.
(b) It provides room to correct mistakes.
(c) It respects public opinion.
(d) Decision-making is much faster and
quicker.
Answer:
(d) Decision-making is much faster and quicker.
Question 9.
While giving a presentation, the Water Board Chairman of
Gorakhpur listed down some appropriate reasons for water being considered a
renewable resource. As per ‘our knowledge, which of the following statements
were used by him in the respective seminar?
(a) 3/4th of the Earth is covered
with water.
(b) Large amount of freshwater is stored as groundwater
(c)
Existence of a hydrological cycle on the Earth.
(d) It is available
everywhere on the Earth.
Answer:
(c) Existence of a hydrological cycle on
the Earth.
Question 10.
What is a major problem associated with coalition
government?
(a) Formation of coalition government with regional powers.
(b) Problems to keep satisfied coalition partners in the government.
(c)
Formation of coalition governments with small parties.
(d) Formation of
coalition government with opposite ideological parties.
Answer:
(b)
Problems to keep satisfied coalition partners in the government.
Question 11.
While making her geography notes, Seeta found out the term
Conuco. She searched the term on Google and found that this term denotes slash
and burn agriculture practiced in a country The ‘slash and burn agriculture’ is
known as ‘Conuco’ in which of the following countries? (1)
(a) Venezuela
(b) Brazil
(c) Indonesia
(d) Mexico
Answer:
(a) Venezuela
Question 12.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
Assertion (A): Not the
entire service sector is growing equally well.
Reason (R): Services that
employ highly skilled and educated workers are not producing more.
Options:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of
(A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of
(A).
(c) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(d) (A) is wrong, but (R) is
correct.
Answer:
(c) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
Question 13.
The population of India in 2019 was around 1.36 trillion with
a GDP of $ 2.72 trillion. Calculate the per capita of India and choose the
correct option from the following. (1)
(a) $ 1000
(b) $ 2000
(c) $
2500
(d) $ 3000
Answer:
(b) $ 2000
Question 14.
Read the given data and find out which sector has maximum
contribution in GDP?
Year | Primary (Rupees) | Secondary (Rupees) | Tertiary (Rupees) |
2000 | 56,000 | 49,000 | 1,33,500 |
2013 | 8,20,500 | 11,74,500 | 38,68,000 |
(a) Primary Sector
(b) Secondary Sector
(c) Tertiary Sector
(d) None
of these
Answer:
(c) Tertiary Sector
Question 15.
Suppose you are a native craftsman working in the small town
of Odisha. What would be your top priority in the developmental goal? Identify
from the given options. (1)
(a) More days of work and better wages.
(b)
More demand for local and hand-made goods.
(c) Expansion of rural economy
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) More demand for local and hand-made
goods.
Question 16.
Choose the correct option to complete the statement.
If a
government provides its citizens a right and means to examine the process of
decision, it is
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsible
government
(c) A transparent government
(d) A stablë government
Answer:
(a) An accountable government
Question 17.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Mark your answer as per the codes given below. (1)
Assertion (A) Belgium
managed to accommodate its diversities.
Reason (R) It took care of the
interests of both French and Dutch-speaking communities.
Codes
(a) Both A
and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are
true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is
false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true
and R is the correct explanation of A
Question 18.
Ajay lives in Sadhupur. a village in India. Ajay has taken a
loan for farming. The loan provider charges a low interest which cannot create
burden on Ajay. All the activities of loan providers are monitored by RBI. RBI
sees that the lender does not give loan only to businessmen or only to earn
profit. If it fails to follow the norms it is penalised. Also, lender has to
submit a periodically report to RBI. Analyze the information given above,
considering one of the following correct options:
(a) Cooperative society
(b) Money lender
(c) Commercial bank
(d) Traders
Answer:
(c)
Commercial bank
Question 19.
Arrange the following in a chronological order. (1)
I.
Formation of Indian National Congress
II. Formation of the Communist Party of
India
III. Formation of Aam Aadrni Party
IV. Formation of Bharatiya Janata
Party
Codes
(a) I, III, II, IV
(b) IV, I, III, II
(c) I, II, IV,
III
(d) I, III, IV, II
Answer:
(c) I, II, IV, III
Question 20.
Identify the correct statement/s about Self Help Group
(SHG):
I. A typical SHG has 25-30 members, usually belonging to one
neighborhood, who meet and save regularly.
II. Saving per member varies from
Rs 25 to Rs loo or more, depending on the ability of the people to save.
III.
Members can take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs.
IV.
The SHG helps borrowers overcome the problem of lack of collateral.
Options:
(a) I & II
(b) I & III
(c) III & IV
(d) II, III
& IV
Answer:
(d) II, III & IV
Section
B
Section B consists of 4
questions of 2 marks each
Question 21.
Study the map thoroughly and explain why this Indian plateau
is considered a storehouse of minerals. (2)
Answer:
Chota Nagpur Plateau is considered a storehouse of
minerals due to the following reasons Iron ore is found in abundance and about
40% of iron ore in India is found in this area. Over 50% of manganese. 60% of
copper and 60% of bauxite in India are found in this region.
Question 22.
Analyse any two factors that were responsible for increasing
the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils.
OR
Distinguish
between community government in Belgium and majoritarian government in Sri
Lanka.
Answer:
OR
Community Government in Belgium | Majoritarian Government in Sri Lanka |
(i) The Belgian leaders adopted a policy of power sharing. | The Sri Lankan leaders adopted a policy of majoritarianism. |
(ii) They gave equal powers to all communities no matter whether they are in majority or minority. | They gave preferences to the majority Sinhala community alone, thus disregarding the minority Tamil community. |
Question 23.
Why has India adopted a multi-party system?
Or
Name the
institution which has passed an order making it necessary for political parties
to hold their organisational elections and file their income tax returns.
(2)
Answer:
India adopted a multi-party system because As India is a vast
and diverse country, the multi-party system was needed to accommodate the vast
population.
The social and geographical diversity of India could not be
represented by two or three parties
or
The Election Commission has passed
an order making it necessary tot political parties to hold their organisational
elections and tile their income tax returns.
Question 24.
Mention any two features of unorganised sector.
Answer:
Section
C
Section C consists of 5
questions of 3 marks each
Question 25.
Analyze the table given below and answer the following
questions. (1+2)
Year | Primary | Secondary | Tertiary |
2000 | 52,000 | 48,500 | 1,33,500 |
2013 | 8,00,500 | 10,74,000 | 38,68,000 |
(a) What is the basic conclusion you can draw from the following table?
(b) in India, the share of agriculture in GDP has declined at a very fast rate
in recent years. What is the reason behind this?
Answer:
(a) Conclusions
drawn Irorri the bar diagram are share of the primary sector and secondary
sector in GDP has decreased. Whereas, the share of the tertiary sector in GDP
has increased.
(b) The agricultural growth rate in India has been growing earlier, but in the last few years, it is constantly declined. While, since India is a developing economy, the share of other sectors towards GDP has risen in India The reason for the decline can be attributed to the growing share of other sectors as well as the lack of technology, irrigation, and energy facilities in the rural areas have led to falling growth in the agricultural sector.
Question 26.
What are the most important attributes for comparing
countries and why?
OR
What is Human Development Report? Discuss its
emergence.
Answer:
The most important attributes for comparing countries
are:
OR
Human Development Report: Human Development Report is annual report
which compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their
health status, and per capita income. It is published by United Nations
Development Programme. Emergency of Human Development Report: When it is
realised that the level of income alone is not able to reflect the true picture
of the development of a country, other parameters on which development could be
measured begin to develop. A long list such criteria was thought but only small
number of the most important things were selected which included health and
education indicators. Over the past decade or so, health and education
indicators have come to be widely used along with income as a measure of
development. Human Development Report uses these indicators.
Question 27.
What is community government? Explain the concept of
community government with context to Belgium. (1.5= 1.5)
Answer:
A
community government is one in which different social groups are given the power
to handle the affairs related to their communities. They are expected to work
jointly for the benefit of the common masses without undermining any
community.
In Belgium, there is a community government This community
government is elected by people belonging to one language community, viz, Dutch.
French and German speaking, no matter where they live. This government has the
power regarding cultural, educational, and language-related issues.
Question 28.
Discuss the various efforts made at the international level
for the conservation of natural resources.
Answer:
Efforts made at
international level for the conservation of natural resources are as
follows:
Question 29.
What is the importance of the opposition party in a
democracy? (3)
Answer:
The opposition party plays a very important role in
a democracy in the following ways
Section
D
Section D consists of 4
questions of 5 marks each
Question 30.
Why was there a conflict between the Sinhala and Tamils?
OR
Discuss the arrangements made under the Constitution of Belgium to solve
the problem of community conflict.
Answer:
(i) After emerging of Sri Lanka
as an independent country in 1948, the leaders of the Sinhala community looked
to secure dominance over government because of their majority. Soon, a series of
majoritarian measures were adopted by the democratically elected government to
establish the supremacy of Sinhala.
(ii) With an Act passed by the Sri Lankan Parliament in 1956, Sinhala was recognised as the only official language ignoring Tamil. Also, the preferential policies followed by the Sri Lankan government used to favour Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs.
(iii) Protecting and promoting Buddhism was made the duty of state by the new constitution. As government had adopted these measures step by step, the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils increased.
(iv) Tamils were begun to believe that all the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders were not sensitive to their language and culture.
(v) They felt that the constitution and government policies were not giving
them equal political rights, discriminated against them in getting jobs and
other opportunities and ignored their interests. Due to these, the relations
between the Sinhala and Tamil communities spoiled over time.
OR
Following
were the arrangements made under the constitution of Belgium to solve the
problem of community conflict.
Question 31.
Define the term democracy. What outcomes are expected from a
democracy? (1+4)
Or
Evidence shows that in practice, many democracies did
not fulfill the expectations of producing economic development in the
country. Validate the statement with the help of relevant examples. (5)
Answer:
Democracy is a form of government that allows people to choose their
own representatives. People have the freedom to express their opinion and
organise protests.
Or
Evidence shows that in practice, many democracies did not fulfill the
expectations of producing economic development in the country. If we consider
all democracies and all dictatorships for the fifty years between 1950 and 2000,
dictatorships have slightly higher rate of economic growth.
Economic development depends on several factors. These factors are the country’s population size, global situation, cooperation from other countries, economic priorities adopted by the country, etc. However, the difference in the rates of economic development between less developed countries with dictatorships and democracies is negligible. Overall, it cannot be said that democracy is a guarantee of economic development. But we can expect democracy not to lag behind dictatorships in this respect.
With such a significant difference in the rates of economic growth between countries under dictatorship and democracy, it is better to prefer democracy as it has several other positive outcomes. For example, North Korea has a higher rate of economic growth than India.
Question 32.
Name the two most important cereal crops grown in India.
Describe the conditions required to grow these two crops.
OR
“The
Government of India has introduced various institutional and technological
reforms to improve agriculture in the 1980s and 1990s.” Support this statement
with examples.
Answer:
Rice and wheat are the two most important cereal
crops grown in India.
Rice is the staple food crop of most people in India
especially in coastal regions.
The geographical conditions required for growth of rice are as follows:
The geographical conditions favourable for growth of wheat are as follows:
OR
The Government of India has introduced various institutional and
technological reforms under comprehensive Land Development Programme to improve
agriculture in the 1980s and 1990s.
Land Development Programme:
Other Reforms:
Apart from land development programme, government has
initiated many other benefit schemes for the farmers.
Question 33.
Explain how did the ideas of national unity in early
19th-century Europe allied to the ideology of Liberalism. Explain. (5)
Or
How did the revolutionaries spread their ideas in many European states after
1815. Explain briefly with the support of examples. (5)
Answer:
The ideas
of national unity in early 19th century Europe allied to the ideology of
liberalism in the following ways
For the liberal middle classes, the ideas of
national unity means the abolition of aristocratic privileges Liberalism stood
for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law
Liberalism emphasised the concept of government It urges for a Constitution and representative government through Parliament, National unity can be maintained by the proper governance of the Parliament.
In the economic sphere, liberalism is in favour of the freedom of markets and the abolition of state-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital. During the 19th century, this was a strong demand of the middle class which was in favour of national unity.
Or
After 1815, due to the fear of repression, many revolutionaries or
liberal nationalists hide to avoid arrest. They spread their ideas in the
following ways
Giuseppe Mazzini founded secret societies like Young Italy and Young Europe
for the unification of fragmented Italy
Following Mazzini’s model, secret
societies were set up in Germany, France, Switzerland, and Poland.
Liberalism and nationalism brought revolution in many regions of Europe like the provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Ireland. Poland besides Italy and Germany.
Section
E
Section E consists of 3
Case-based questions of 4 marks each
Question 34.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that
follows:
The Portuguese and Spanish conquest and colonisation of America was
decisively underway by the mid-sixteenth century. European conquest was not just
a result of superior firepower. In fact, the most powerful weapon of the Spanish
conquerors was not a conventional military weapon at all. It was the germs such
as those of smallpox that they carried on their person. Because of their long
isolation, America’s original inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases
that came from Europe. Smallpox in particular proved a deadly killer. Once
introduced, it spread deep into the continent, ahead even of any Europeans
reaching there. It killed and decimated whole communities, paving the way for
conquest.
Question 34.1
Which two nations were the earliest colonisers in
America?
Answer:
Portugal and Spain were the earliest nations that
colonised America around mid-sixteenth century.
Question 34.2
What were some of the reasons due to which the colonisers
easily established their control over several parts of America?
Answer:
The colonisers had superior firepower, military weapons, and many advanced
materials. But their most important weapon proved to be smallpox.
Question 34.3
How smallpox turned into death of native people of
America?
Answer:
The Spanish conquerors transmitted the disease of
smallpox to a large number of the native people in America which spread rapidly
in the continent. The native people did not have immunity towards this disease
and due to which there was death of thousands of people because of this disease.
It led to the eradication of number of communities and made the colonisation
easier.
Question 35.
Read the given extract and answer the following
questions.
Another way of classifying economic activities into sectors could
be based on who owns assets and is responsible for the
delivery of services.
In the public sector, the government owns most of the assets and provides all
the services. In the private
sector, ownership of assets and delivery of
services is in the hands of private individuals or companies.
Railways or post office is an example of the public sector whereas companies like Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) or Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) are privately owned. Activities in the private sector are guided by the motive to earn profits. To get such services we have to pay money to these individuals and companies.
The purpose of the public sector is not just to earn profits. Governments raise money through taxes and other ways to meet expenses on the services rendered by it.
Modern-day governments spend on a whole range of activities. There are
several things needed by the society as a whole but which the private sector
will not provide at a reasonable cost.
(i) On what basis the bifurcation of
public and private sector takes place? (1)
(ii) Define the reason behind
counting the railways and post office as a public sector. (1)
(iii) Why
public sector is needed in our country? (2)
Answer:
(i) The bifurcation of
public and private sectors is based or who owns the assets and ¡s responsible
for delivery of services
(ii) Railways and post office are counted in public
sector because
Railways is owned by the government and not by any private
individual.
Government is responsible for the delivery of various services
through post offices.
(iii) Public sector is needed in India because Public sector spends ¡n different activities that are needed by the society which private sector cannot provide. Private sector will not provide services at reasonable price, so public sector is needed.
Question 36.
Read the given extract and answer the following
questions.
Political parties are easily one of the most visible institutions
in a democracy. For most ordinary citizens, democracy is equal to political
parties. If you travel to remote parts of our country and speak to the less
educated citizens, you could come across people who may not know anything about
our Constitution or about the nature of our government. But chances are that
they would know something about our political parties. At the same time, this
visibility does not mean popularity. Most people tend to be very critical of
political parties. They tend to blame parties for all that is wrong with our
democracy and our political life. Parties have become identified with social and
political divisions.
Question 36.1
What are the three main components of a political party?
Answer:
The three main components of a political party are:
Question 36.2
Who is a partisan?
Answer:
A person who is strongly
committed to a party. A partisan person always takes the side of a group and is
unable to give a balanced view.
Section
F
Section F consists of Map based
questions of 5 marks
Question 37.
(a) Two places A and B are marked on the given outline map of
India. identify them and write their correct names on the
lines drawn near
them. (2)
A. The location of the Indian National Congress Session of
1927.
B. The place where the Civil Disobedience Movement started.
(b) On
the same political map of India, locate and label any three of the following
with suitable symbols. (3)
(i) Namrup Thermal Power Plant
(ii) Kandla
Port
(iii) Tungabhadra Dam
(iv) Raja Sansi International Airport.
Answer: