MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Q.1. The first clear expression of Nationalism in Europe came with:
(a) The American
Revolution
(b) The French
Revolution
(c) The Russian
Revolution
(d) The
Industrial Revolution
Ans.
(b)
Q.2. Nationalism brought about in Europe the emergence of:
(a) The Nation
State
(b) The Modern
State
(c)
Multinational Dynastic State
(d) Alliances
formed among many European states
Ans.
(a)
Q.3.
Frederic Serrieu, a French artist, in his series of four prints (1848)
visualized his dream of a world as:
(a) A world made
up of ‘democratic and social republics’
(b) A world made
up of one nation, one world
(c) A world with
one absolute ruler
(d) A world
following one religion, one language
Ans.
(a)
Q.4. The ideas of a United Community enjoying equal rights under a Constitution
were expressed by the French as:
(a) La Patrie
(b) Le Citoyen
(c) Both (a) and
(b)
(d) None of the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.5. The Civil Code of 1804, also known as the Napoleonic Code, established:
(a) Equality
before the law
(b) Secured the
right to property
(c) Did away
with all the privileges based on birth
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.6.
What kind of political and constitutional change was brought about by the
French Revolution?
(a) It ended the
absolute monarchy
(b) It
transferred power to a body of the French citizens
(c) It
proclaimed that henceforth people would constitute the nation and shape its
destiny
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.7. Name one kind of revolt that started in Europe in 1848.
(a) Linguistic
Revolt in Germany
(b) Artisans,
industrial workers and peasants revolted against economic hardships
(c) Revolt
against monarchy in Switzerland
(d) Revolt for
freedom in Greece
Ans.
(b)
Q.8. Socially and politically dominant class in Europe during mid-eighteenth
century was _________ .
(a) The Nobility
(b) The landed aristocracy (c) The Church (d) The absolute monarchs
Ans.
(a)
Q.9. The denial of universal suffrage in Europe, led to _________________.
(a) Revolutions
(b) Women and
non-propertied men organising opposition movements, demanding equal rights
throughout 19th and early 20th centuries
(c) Demand of
equal political rights
(d) Return of
monarchy
Ans.
(b)
Q.10.
In politics, liberalism emphasized ______________ .
(a) End of
autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and a representative
government through Parliament
(b) The
inviolability of private property
(c) The right to
vote
(d) Both (a) and
(b)
Ans.
(d)
Q.11. Friedrich List, a German professor of Economics, hoped to achieve two
political ends through economic
measures. They were ______________ .
(a) Increase in
power in Europe
(b) Binding
Germans economically into a nation
(c) Both (a) and
(b)
(d) Awakening
national sentiment through a free economic system
Ans.
(c)
Q.12. Which new spirit guided European nations after Napoleon’s defeat?
(a) Fascism (b)
Conservatism
(c) Nazism (d)
Communism
Ans.
(b)
Q.13. All the new regimes, set up in 1815, were autocratic because:
(a) They did not
tolerate criticism and dissent
(b) They imposed
censorship laws to control what was said in newspapers, plays, songs etc.
(c) They curbed
activities which questioned their legitimacy
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.14. Repression of liberal revolutionaries after 1815, in Europe, led to
(a) Armies being
trained by revolutionaries
(b) All
revolutionaries trained to overthrow monarchy
(c) Secret
societies being formed in many European states to train revolutionaries and
spread their ideas
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.15. The three leaders who helped unification of Italy were:
(a) Giuseppe
Mazzini, Victor Emmanuel II, Cavour
(b) Giuseppe
Mazzini, Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi
(c) Victor
Emmanuel, Bismarck, Cavour
(d) None of the
above
Ans.
(b)
Q.16. In the 19th century, the French artists symbolised the French nation as:
(a) Marianne, a
popular Christian name for women
(b) Marianne, a
female figure, with a red cap, the tricolour and the cockade
(c) As a female
named Marianne, with characteristics of liberty (a red cap, a broken chair) and
the Republic (the red cap, tricolour and the cockade)
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.17. The revolutions of 1830 and 1848 AD were led by:
(a) Liberal
nationalists belonging to the aristocratic class
(b) The peasants
(c) Liberal
nationalists belonging to the educated middle class elite, consisting of
professors, school teachers, clubs and members of the commercial middle class
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.18. The Nationalist Greeks got the support of the West European nations
because:
(a) They were
fighting against the Muslim Ottoman Empire
(b) They had
sympathies for ancient Greek culture
(c) Greece was
considered the cradle of European civilisation
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.19. Cavour’s contribution to Italian unification was:
(a) Diplomatic
alliance with the enemies of Austria
(b) War with
Austrians and Bourbons.
(c) Diplomatic
alliance with France in 1859 and strengthening Sardinia and Piedmont
(d) Defeated the
Bourbon kings
Ans.
(c)
Q.20. Who was Giuseppe Mazzini? When and where he was born?
(a) Giueseppe
Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary, born in Rome in 1810
(b) Giuseppe
Mazzini was an Italian, born in Genoa, in 1807
(c) Giuseppe
Mazzini was a Corsican, born in Genoa in 1807
(d) Giuseppe
Mazzini was a famous Italian painter, born in Genoa in 1810
Ans.
(b)
Q.21. The purpose behind the painting “The Massacre at Chios” by Eugene
Delacroix, 1824, was:
(a) To appeal to
the emotions of the spectators and create sympathy for the Greeks
(b) To dramatise
the incident in which 20,000 Greeks were killed
(c) To focus on
the suffering of women and children
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.22. The aim of Romanticism, a cultural movement, was:
(a) To create a
sense of shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis of the
nation
(b)
Glorification of science and reason
(c) To focus on
emotions, intuitions and mystical feeling
(d) Both (a) and
(c)
Ans.
(d)
Q.23. German philosopher Johann Gotfried Herder claimed that true German culture
was discovered through
(a) Folk songs,
folk poetry, folk dances
(b) Common
people — das volk
(c) Vernacular
language
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.24. In France, 1848 was a year when:
(a) Louis
Philippe of France was dethroned, and France declared a Republic
(b) Suffrage to
all males above 21 was given and the right to work guaranteed
(c) Food
shortages, widespread unemployement led to a revolt in Paris
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.25. The weavers of Silesia revolted in 1845 against contractors because:
(a) The
contractors who gave them orders drastically reduced their payments.
(b) The
contractors took advantage of their misery and desperate need for jobs.
(c) Both A and
B.
(d) The
contractors had killed eleven weavers.
Ans.
(c)
Q.26. A ‘Feminist’ is:
(a) A person
aware of women’s rights and believes in the social, political and economic
equality of women
(b) A person who
believes that women are the weaker sex
(c) A person who
believes that gender equality would destroy the dignity of the family and
endanger harmony
(d) A person
ready to give social equality but not political or economic equality
Ans.
(a)
Q.27. How was the process of German unification completed and who was proclaimed
the ruler?
(a) After many
wars, Kaiser William became the ruler
(b) After 3 wars
fought over 7 years with Austria, Denmark and France, Kaiser William I became
the ruler of a unified Germany.
(c) The Germans
defeated the Habsburg Empire and made Kaiser William I the ruler
(d) Otto von
Bismarck became the ruler after defeating France
Ans.
(b)
Q.28. Garibaldi contributed to the Italian unification by:
(a) Declaring
Victor Emmanuel as the king of united Italy in 1860
(b) Conquering
Papal States in 1860.
(c) Conquering
two Sicilies and South Italy in 1860.
(d) Both (a) and
(c)
Ans.
(d)
Q.29. Some historians consider Great Britain as a model of the nation state
because:
(a) It was
created after a long-drawn-out wars and political struggle
(b) It became a
nation-state after forcing Scotland, Wales and Ireland to submit to it.
(c) It was not
the result of a sudden upheaval or revolution, but the result of a
long-drawn-out process.
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.30. Under the British dominance, Scotland suffered because of:
(a) Systematic
suppression of its cultural and political institutions
(b) The
Catholics of Scottish Highlands were ruthlessly suppressed and lost independence
(c) Denial to
speak their Gaelic language or wear their national dress
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.31. Ireland suffered under the British, because:
(a) The English
helped the Protestants in Ireland to dominate the Catholics who were in a
majority
(b) Catholics’
revolts against the British were suppressed.
(c) Ireland was
forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801, after the failure of
Wolfe Tone revolt in 1798
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.32. The symbols of the new ‘British nation’ were:
(a) The British
flag (Union Jack) and the British national anthem (God Save the King).
(b) The English
language and domination of English culture
(c) Both (a) and
(b)
(d)
Subordination of the older nations
Ans.
(c)
Q.33. The artists of the 18th and 19th centuries personified a nation
as:
(a) A particular
woman to represent the nation
(b) A female
figure
(c) A female
figure as an allegory, to represent an abstract idea of a nation in concrete
form
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(c)
Q.34. Who painted ‘Germania’ and for what occasion?
(a) Artist
Phillip Veit painted it to celebrate the unification of Germany
(b) Phillip Veit
painted it to hang from the ceiling of St Paul’s where the Frankfurt Parliament
was held in 1848.
(c) Phillip Veit
painted it to celebrate Bismarck’s victory
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(b)
Q.35. Phillip Veit used the following in his painting as symbols (i) Broken
chains, (ii) Sword (iii) Olive branch round the sword and (iv) Rays of the
rising sun. They symbolised :
(a) (i) Heroism,
(ii) readiness to fight (iii) strength (iv) hope
(b) (i) Freedom
(ii) strength (iii) readiness to fight (iv) Beginning of a new era
(c) (i) Freedom
(ii) readiness to fight (iii) willingness to make peace (iv) beginning of a new
era
(d) (i) Heroism
(ii) courage (iii) readiness to fight (iv) hope
Ans.
(c)
Q.36. A map celebrating the British Empire depict British domination of the
world as:
(a) Britannia
(symbol of British nation) sitting triumphantly over the globe
(b) Britannia
surrounded by tigers, elephants, forests symbolising the colonies
(c) Angels
carrying banner of freedom
(d) Through
pictures of primitive people
Ans.
(a)
Q.37. The power struggle in Europe by the big powers (late 19th century) led to:
(a) A series of
wars in the region and finally the First World War in 1914
(b) Opposition
to imperial domination in the colonies
(c) The idea
that societies should be organised into nation states
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
Q.38. The most serious source of nationalist tension in Europe after 1871 was:
(a) Area called
the Austro-Hungary
(b) Area under
the Prussians
(c) Area called
the Balkans
(d) Area under
the Russians
Ans.
(c)
Q.39. The big power rivalry in the late 19th century was over:
(a) Trade and
colonies
(b) Naval
supremacy and military might
(c) Both (a) and
(b)
(d) Territories
and naval might
Ans.
(c)
Q.40. Nationalism lost its liberal democratic sentiment in the last quarter of
the 19th century, because:
(a) Major
European powers manipulated nationalist sentiments of the people to further
their own imperialistic designs
(b) Nationalist
groups had become intolerant of each other
(c) Nationalism
had become a narrow creed with limited ends
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(d)
PREVIOUS YEARS’ QUESTIONS
Q.1. Which one of the following is not true regarding the history of the
nationalist movement in Great Britain?
(a) It was the result of a long-drawn-out
process and not of a sudden revolution.
(b) The wealthy
and powerful English nation steadily extended its influence over the Welsh, the
Scots and the Irish.
(c) Ireland and
Scotland were equal partners in the union called the United Kingdoms.
(d) The British
flag and national anthem were actively promoted in this Union.
Ans.
(c)
Q.2. Which one of the following is true regarding how the new artists depicted
liberty during the French Revolution?
(a) As a female figure with a torch of
enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of Rights of Man in the other hand.
(b) Blindfolded
woman carrying a pair of weighing scales.
(c) The gold red
and black tricolour.
(d) Rays of the
rising sun.
Ans.
(a)
Q.3. Which of the following was the result of the Act of Union 1707?
(a) United
Kingdom of Irish
(b) United
Kingdom of Scotland
(c) United
Kingdom of America
(d) United
Kingdom of Great Britain
Ans.
(d)
Q.4. Which of the following powers was not interested in Balkan peninsula?
(a) England (b) Germany
(c) Russia (d)
Japan
Ans.
(d)
Q.5. What emerged as a force which brought about sweeping changes in the
political and material world of Europe in the nineteenth century?
(a) The
emergence of the nation state
(b) The
multinational dynastic empire
(c) Territorial
state
(d) Absolute
monarchy
Ans.
(a)
Q.6. Conservatives did not believe in establishing and preserving:
(a) the monarchy
(b) the
democracy
(c) traditional
institutions of state and society
(d) social
hierarchies
Ans.
(b)
Q.7. Which one of the following is not regarding the reforms carried out by the
Union called Zollverein?
(a) Creation of a network of railways to
promote nationalism
(b) Opposition
to unhindered movement of goods, people and capital in member states
(c) Reduction of
tariff barriers in states
(d) Reduction of
number of currencies in Germany
Ans.
(b)
Q.8. Which one of the following is true regarding the ideas promoted by
Mazzini?
(a) Opposition
to monarchy and support to democratic republic
(b) To establish
liberty and freedom under a monarchy
(c)
Disintegration of the German confederation under 39 States
(d) Censorship
of newspapers, books, plays and songs
Ans.
(a)
Q.9. Which one of the following was NOT implemented under the Treaty of Vienna
of 1815?
(a) Restoration
of Bourbon dynasty
(b) Setting up
series of states on the boundaries of France
(c) Restoration
of monarchies
(d) Diluting the
German confederation of 39 states
Ans.
(d)
Q.10. Which one of the following became the female allegory of the German
Nation?
(a) Marianne (b) Germania
(c) Britannia
(d) Mazzini
Ans.
(b)
Q.11. Who among the following was described as ‘the most dangerous enemy of
social order’ by Duke
Metternich?
(a) Louis
Philippe
(b) Karol
Kurpinski
(c) Giuseppe
Mazzini
(d) Johann
Gottfried
Ans.
(c)
Q.12. Which one of the following was NOT the feature of Napoleonic Code?
(a) Equality before the law
(b) Universal
Adult Franchise
(c) Right to
Property
(d) No
privileges based on birth
Ans.
(d)
Q.13. Which one of the following areas was the most serious source of
nationalist tension in Europe after 1871 ?
(a) The Balkans
(b) The
Romanians
(c) Great
Britain
(d) Germania
Ans.
(a)
Q.14. Which of the following treaty recognised Greece as an independent nation?
(a) Vienna
Treaty of 1815
(b)
Constantinople Treaty
(c) Diplomatic
Treaty of Sardenia- Piedmont
(d) None of
these
Ans.
(b)
Q.15. Who amongst the following Italian leaders was neither a revolutionary nor
a democrat?
(a) Mazzini (b)
Cavour
(b) Garibaldi
(d) Victor
Emmanuel II
Ans.
(b)
Q.16. What did the ideas of la patrie and le citoyen signify in
the French Revolution?
(a) The
motherland and the children
(b) The
fatherland and the citizens
(c) The
community and the citizens
(d) The state
and the community
Ans.
(b)
Q.17. Which one of the following is not true regarding the ‘Balkan Problem?’
(a) The Balkan states were very jealous
of each other
(b) Each state
wanted to gain more territory at the expense of others
(c) The Balkans
were also the scene of big power rivalry
(d) The Balkans
were not under the control of Ottoman Empire
Ans.
(d)
Q.18. Elle, the measuring unit in Germany was used to measure
(a) Cloth (b)
Thread
(c) Land (d)
Height
Ans.
(a)
Q.19. The main function of the Prussian Zollverein was to:
(a) impose
customs duty on imported goods
(b) abolish
tarrif barriers
(c) reduce
customs duties
(d) introduce
new rules for trade
Ans.
(b)
Q.20. Who said “When France sneezes, the rest of the Europe catches cold”?
(a) Garibaldi (b) Mazzini
(c) Metternich
(d) Bismarck
Ans.
(c)
Q.21. Which of the following best explains a Utopian Society?
(a) A Society
where everybody is equal
(b) A democratic
society
(c) An idealist
society which can never be achieved
(d) A society
with a comprehensive constitution
Ans.
(c)
Q.22. What does a blindfolded woman carrying a pair of weighing scales
symbolize?
(a) Peace (b)
Equality
(c) Justice (d)
Liberty
Ans.
(c)
Q.23. ‘Young Italy’, the secret society of Italy, was set up by:
(a) Garibaldi
(b) Cavour
(c) Mazzini
(d) Victor
Emmanuel II
Ans.
(c)
Q.24. Which one of the following is not true regarding the Civil Code of 1804?
(a) Abolition of all privileges based on
birth
(b) Destruction
of democracy in France
(c)
Establishment of equality before law
(d) Securing
right to property
Ans.
(a)
Q.25. Why was the treaty of Vienna (1815) drawn up?
(a) To establish
tariff barriers
(b) To restore
the monarchies
(c) To divide
the German Confederation of 39 states
(d) To establish
democracies
Ans.
(b)
Q.26. Which one of the following countries was appreciated as ‘Cradle of
European Civilisation’ by poets and artists?
(a) Greece (b) Italy
(c) France (d)
Switzerland
Ans.
(a)
Q.27. Which treaty was drawn up with the objective of undoing of most of the
changes that had come about in Europe during Napoleonic wars?
(a) Treaty of
Versailles
(b) Treaty of
Vienna
(c) Munich Pact
(d) All the
above
Ans.
(b)
Q.28. Napoleon invaded Italy in
(a) 1767 (b)
1777
(c) 1787 (d)
1797
Ans.
(d)
Q.29. Which one of the following is true regarding the Treaty of Constantinople
of 1832?
(a) It
recognised Turkey as an independent nation
(b) It
recognised Germany as an independent nation
(c) It
recognised France as an independent nation
(d) It
recognised Greece as an independent nation
Ans.
(d)
Q.30. Who among the following was associated with the Treaty of Vienna of 1815?
(a) Bismarck
(b) Duke
Metternich
(c) Louis
Philippe
(d) Victor
Emmanuel II
Ans.
(b)
Q.31. The four European powers who collectivety defeated Napoleon were:
(a) Austria, Prussia, Britain and Russia
(b) Spain,
Prussia, Britain and Russia
(c) Austria,
Italy, Britain and Russia
(d) Austria,
Prussia India and Russia
Ans.
(a)
Q.32. Name the customs union formed by Prussia to abolish tariff barriers.
(a) Elle (b) Zollverein
(b) Zweibiicken
(d) La Patrie
Ans.
(b)
Q.33. Which one of the following was the basic aim of Zollverein?
(a) The
abolition of tariff barriers
(b) To reunite
Germany
(c) To reunite
Prussia
(d) To promote
Democracy
Ans.
(a)
Q.34. What does the crown of oak leaves worn by Germania stand for?
(a) Courage (b) Heroism
(c) Freedom (d)
Unity
Ans.
(b)
Q.35. An ideal vision which is unlikely to actually exist is called:
(a) Utopian (b)
Absolutist
(c) The best (d)
None of the above
Ans.
(a)
Q.36. Who was proclaimed German Emperor after its unification?
(a) The Prussian
King - William-I
(b) The Russian
King - William-I
(c) The chief
minister of Otto von
Bismarck
(d) Lenin
Ans.
(a)
Q.37. Who led the protest movement against the Protestants in Ireland?
(a) Garibaldi (b) Wolfe Tone
(c) Mazzini (d)
Cavour
Ans.
(b)
Q.38. Who was proclaimed the King of United Italy in 1861?
(a) Guiseppe
Mazzini
(b) Victor
Emmanuel - II
(c) William-I
(d) Johann
Gottfried
Ans.
(b)