ROUTERA

Carbon and its Compounds

Class 10th Science Chapter Case Study

Case Study 1: The Versatility of Carbon

Case Description:
Carbon is known as the "building block of life" due to its ability to form a vast number of compounds. It can bond with itself and other elements, leading to a diverse range of structures, from simple hydrocarbons to complex biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Carbon's unique ability to form four covalent bonds enables it to create long chains and rings, which are fundamental to organic chemistry.

MCQs:

  1. What is the maximum number of covalent bonds that a carbon atom can form?

    • A) Two
    • B) Three
    • C) Four
    • D) Five

  2. Which of the following is NOT a property of carbon?

    • A) It can form stable bonds with other carbon atoms.
    • B) It is a good conductor of electricity.
    • C) It can form various structural forms, such as graphite and diamond.
    • D) It can bond with different elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

  3. Which of the following compounds contains a carbon-carbon double bond?

    • A) Ethane
    • B) Ethene
    • C) Methane
    • D) Propane

  4. Why is carbon considered a versatile element?

    • A) It has a high melting point.
    • B) It can exist in multiple states of matter.
    • C) It can form various types of bonds and compounds.
    • D) It is the most abundant element on Earth.

Case Study 2: Hydrocarbons and Their Types

Case Description:
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. They can be classified into two main categories: saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbons, like alkanes, contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as alkenes and alkynes, contain double or triple bonds. Understanding these differences is crucial for studying organic chemistry.

MCQs:

  1. Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon?

    • A) Ethene
    • B) Ethyne
    • C) Propane
    • D) Butene

  2. What type of bond is present in alkynes?

    • A) Single bond
    • B) Double bond
    • C) Triple bond
    • D) Quadruple bond

  3. Which of the following represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

    • A) C₄H₁₀
    • B) C₃H₈
    • C) C₂H₄
    • D) C₆H₁₄

  4. Which hydrocarbon is known as ethylene and is used in the production of plastics?

    • A) Ethane
    • B) Ethene
    • C) Propene
    • D) Butene

Case Study 3: Functional Groups and Organic Compounds

Case Description:
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that determine the chemical properties of those molecules. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (–OH), carboxyl (–COOH), and amino (–NH₂). The presence of these groups in organic compounds significantly influences their reactivity and the types of reactions they can undergo.

MCQs:

  1. What is the functional group present in alcohols?

    • A) Carbonyl
    • B) Hydroxyl
    • C) Carboxyl
    • D) Amino

  2. Which of the following compounds contains a carboxyl functional group?

    • A) Ethanol
    • B) Acetic acid
    • C) Ethylamine
    • D) Propan-2-ol

  3. The amino group (–NH₂) is characteristic of which type of compounds?

    • A) Alcohols
    • B) Carboxylic acids
    • C) Amines
    • D) Aldehydes

  4. Which functional group is responsible for the acidity of organic compounds?

    • A) Hydroxyl
    • B) Carbonyl
    • C) Carboxyl
    • D) Alkyl

Case Study 4: Carbon Compounds in Daily Life

Case Description:
Carbon compounds are prevalent in daily life and have various applications. For instance, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are essential biomolecules in our diet. Additionally, carbon compounds like plastics (polymers) and fuels (hydrocarbons) play significant roles in industry and energy production. Understanding the importance of carbon compounds helps us appreciate their impact on health, environment, and technology.

MCQs:

  1. Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

    • A) Glucose
    • B) Ethanol
    • C) Acetic acid
    • D) Benzene

  2. What type of carbon compound is commonly used as a fuel?

    • A) Alcohols
    • B) Hydrocarbons
    • C) Amines
    • D) Aldehydes

  3. Which of the following is a polymer made from carbon compounds?

    • A) Cellulose
    • B) Acetic acid
    • C) Sodium chloride
    • D) Water

  4. What is the primary role of proteins in living organisms?

    • A) Energy storage
    • B) Structural support and catalysis
    • C) Genetic information storage
    • D) Insulation

Case Study 5: Environmental Impact of Carbon Compounds

Case Description:
The combustion of carbon compounds, especially fossil fuels, releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. Understanding the impact of carbon emissions and the importance of reducing our carbon footprint is crucial for promoting sustainable practices. Additionally, the development of alternative energy sources and biodegradable materials is essential for mitigating environmental issues.

MCQs:

  1. What gas is primarily released when carbon compounds are burned?

    • A) Oxygen
    • B) Nitrogen
    • C) Carbon dioxide
    • D) Methane

  2. Which of the following is a consequence of increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?

    • A) Ozone layer depletion
    • B) Global warming
    • C) Acid rain
    • D) Decreased biodiversity

  3. What is a significant advantage of using renewable energy sources?

    • A) They are more polluting than fossil fuels.
    • B) They are finite resources.
    • C) They help reduce carbon emissions.
    • D) They are more expensive than fossil fuels.

  4. Which of the following is an example of a biodegradable carbon compound?

    • A) Polystyrene
    • B) Polyethylene
    • C) Starch
    • D) PVC