ROUTERA


Sources of Energy

Class 10th Science Chapter Case Study


Case Study 1: Renewable Energy Sources

Case Description:
Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, are gaining popularity due to their sustainability and lower environmental impact. These energy sources are replenished naturally and can be used without depleting the Earth's resources. For instance, solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, while wind turbines convert wind energy into mechanical power.

MCQs:

  1. Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source?

    • A) Solar energy
    • B) Wind energy
    • C) Natural gas
    • D) Biomass
  2. What is the main advantage of using renewable energy sources?

    • A) They are more expensive than fossil fuels
    • B) They are available in limited quantities
    • C) They reduce greenhouse gas emissions
    • D) They require a large amount of land
  3. How does a solar panel convert sunlight into electricity?

    • A) Through chemical reactions
    • B) Through the photovoltaic effect
    • C) Through combustion
    • D) Through mechanical movement
  4. Wind energy is harnessed using which of the following devices?

    • A) Solar cells
    • B) Wind turbines
    • C) Hydroelectric dams
    • D) Geothermal plants

Case Study 2: Fossil Fuels

Case Description:
Fossil fuels, such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas, are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. They are non-renewable resources, meaning they cannot be replenished in a human timescale. Fossil fuels are widely used for electricity generation, heating, and powering vehicles but contribute significantly to environmental pollution.

MCQs:

  1. Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

    • A) Solar energy
    • B) Wind energy
    • C) Coal
    • D) Geothermal energy
  2. What is the primary environmental concern associated with burning fossil fuels?

    • A) Deforestation
    • B) Water pollution
    • C) Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
    • D) Noise pollution
  3. Which of the following processes is used to extract oil from beneath the Earth's surface?

    • A) Photosynthesis
    • B) Fracking
    • C) Distillation
    • D) Hydrolysis
  4. Which fossil fuel is primarily used in electricity generation?

    • A) Coal
    • B) Natural gas
    • C) Oil
    • D) All of the above

Case Study 3: Hydroelectric Power

Case Description:
Hydroelectric power is generated by harnessing the energy of flowing water, typically from rivers or dams. Water is stored in reservoirs, and when released, it flows through turbines, generating electricity. This form of energy is renewable and considered clean, as it produces no direct emissions.

MCQs:

  1. What is the primary energy source for hydroelectric power plants?

    • A) Solar energy
    • B) Kinetic energy of water
    • C) Wind energy
    • D) Geothermal energy
  2. Which of the following is a benefit of hydroelectric power?

    • A) It is non-renewable
    • B) It has a low startup cost
    • C) It reduces reliance on fossil fuels
    • D) It produces large amounts of waste
  3. What is the main environmental concern associated with the construction of dams for hydroelectric power?

    • A) Loss of habitat for aquatic life
    • B) Increase in air pollution
    • C) Decrease in soil fertility
    • D) None of the above
  4. How does water flow in a hydroelectric power plant generate electricity?

    • A) By compressing air
    • B) By turning turbines
    • C) By heating water
    • D) By chemical reactions

Case Study 4: Solar Energy

Case Description:
Solar energy is harnessed by converting sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems. It is a clean and abundant source of energy, ideal for both residential and industrial applications. With advancements in technology, solar panels have become more efficient and affordable, leading to a significant increase in their adoption worldwide.

MCQs:

  1. What technology is primarily used to convert solar energy into electricity?

    • A) Hydroelectric cells
    • B) Wind turbines
    • C) Photovoltaic cells
    • D) Biomass digesters
  2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of solar energy?

    • A) Reduces electricity bills
    • B) Is a non-renewable resource
    • C) Lowers carbon footprint
    • D) Requires minimal maintenance
  3. What is the main component of a photovoltaic cell?

    • A) Glass
    • B) Silicon
    • C) Copper
    • D) Aluminum
  4. How can solar energy be used besides electricity generation?

    • A) Heating water
    • B) Running vehicles
    • C) Purifying water
    • D) All of the above

Case Study 5: Biomass Energy

Case Description:
Biomass energy is derived from organic materials such as plant and animal waste. It can be converted into electricity, heat, or biofuels. Biomass is considered renewable because the materials used can be replenished. However, its production and use can impact land use and require careful management to minimize environmental effects.

MCQs:

  1. Which of the following is considered biomass?

    • A) Coal
    • B) Wood and agricultural residues
    • C) Natural gas
    • D) Nuclear waste
  2. What is the process of converting biomass into biofuel called?

    • A) Fermentation
    • B) Photosynthesis
    • C) Combustion
    • D) Hydrolysis
  3. What is one disadvantage of using biomass energy?

    • A) It is renewable
    • B) It can lead to deforestation if not managed properly
    • C) It produces low emissions
    • D) It is widely available
  4. Biomass can be used to produce which of the following?

    • A) Electricity
    • B) Heating
    • C) Biofuels
    • D) All of the above