Who started the civil rights Movement in the USA?
The civil rights movement in the USA was mainly aimed to abolish the racial discrimination that was practised against the African- Americans. This civil rights movement was led by the Martin Luther King Jr. This movement was non-violent and the methods used were civil disobedience for the racial discriminating laws and practices.
What did the two players intend to do with the kind of gesture they showed?
The two players Tommie Smith and John Carlos, these US athletes used the gesture with fists upraised and heads bowed. With these gestures, they intended to draw international attention towards the racial discrimination that is being practised in the US. This gesture symbolised the Black Power.
Give an example of overlapping differences.
Overlapping can be seen in society when there are two groups of communities and social differences. One example of overlapping differences can be:
In Northern Ireland, the Christian society is being divided into two major groups such as Catholics and Protestants. In this division class and culture tend to overlap each other, since Catholic were relatively poor compared to Protestants. Also Catholic suffered a history of discrimination.
Which difference is easier to accommodate?
Compared to the overlapping social difference cross-cutting social difference is easier to accommodate. It is easier because in this situation when the society is divided into two groups and both the group consisting of equal rich and poor persons. And none of the group would have suffered from the history of discrimination.
Who brings their own culture and tends to form a different community and make society heterogeneous?
Migrants from different community and society bring their own culture. With their culture, they form a different social community. Migrants are people who move from one region to another in search of work and many other economic opportunities. This happens because the culture in different parts of the world is different, therefore the world is multi-cultural.
Who are atheists?
Social differences are mainly influenced by the society which we live. But not all the social differences are accidental by birth. There are some people who make their choices on their own and these differences are based on their choice. People who do not believe in god or adopt other culture which he was not born on and these people are known as atheists.
Give an example of how people can have more than one identity and can belong to more one social group.
When people belong to the same religion but even then they believe that they belong to different communities because of the difference in caste and sections. Even the rich and poor from the same religion or family feel very much distinct from each other and they do not feel close. In this situation, we all have more than one identity and belong to more than one social group. This situation is evident all over the world.
What are the outcomes of the political competition on ethnic and religious lines in Northern Ireland?
The region of the United Kingdom that is Northern Netherland has advent many years of violence and ethno political conflict. The main reason for the conflict is the population of the Netherland is divided into two major sects of Christianity that are 53% of Protestants and 44% of Roman Catholics. The two groups had the difference in their opinions where the Catholics joined the nationalist party which demanded that Northern Ireland should be unified with the Republic of Ireland which is already a Catholic country.
Whereas the Protestants were the unionist party which wanted to remain with the UK, the country which is already Protestants. This conflict between these two parties killed many of the militants and security forces. After the massive conflict, it was in 1998 that the UK government and Nationalist signed a peace treaty.
This led to the conclusion that politics and the social division should not be mixed with each other. If the social division exists in the country, it should not be expressed in politics.
Is division inherent to the working of democracy?
Division exists in the working of every democracy. Democracy involves competition in political parties. The competition among political parties tends to divide any society. If the society is existing with some sort of the social division, then the competition of the political parties will convert the social division into the political division. This conversion will lead to the disintegration of the country and society will face major conflicts and violence.
This has happened in many countries and it is well visible in the happenings of Northern Ireland. The region of the United Kingdom that is Northern Netherland has advent many years of violence and ethno political conflict. The main reason for the conflict is the population of the Netherland is divided into two major sects of Christianity that are 53% of Protestants and 44% of Roman Catholics. The two groups had the difference in their opinions where the Catholics joined the nationalist party which demanded that Northern Ireland should be unified with the Republic of Ireland which is already a Catholic country.
Whereas the Protestants were the unionist party which wanted to remain with the UK, the country which is already Protestants. This conflict between these two parties killed many of the militants and security forces. After the massive conflict, it was in 1998 that the UK government and Nationalist signed a peace treaty.
The political parties’ competition along with religious ethic division has led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries. Thus it is very much evident that mixing of the social division with the political parties competition will lead to major conflicts.
The social divisions influence voting system in most countries. The people from one community mostly favour some party which concerns them more than others. In many countries, there are political parties that focal point only on one community, this type of parties are even evident in India where BJP which promotes the Hinduism. Yet all this does not lead to the disintegration of the country.
a. Why do you think Peter Norman, who was neither Black nor American joined the gesture of protest?
b. Identity the ideology expressed in the gesture.
c. Which values do you inculcate from the gesture?
a. The two players Tommie Smith and John Carlos, these US athletes used the gesture with fists upraised and heads bowed. With these gestures, they intended to draw international attention towards the racial discrimination that is being practised in the US. This gesture symbolised the Black Power.
Even though Peter Norman was an Australian athlete he supported the two Americans who showed the gestures. He wanted to end up the racial discrimination and to establish universal peace, therefore he also joined the protest that was carried by the two Americans. He showed his support for the protest by wearing the human rights badge during the ceremony.
b. The two players Tommie Smith and John Carlos, these US athletes used the gesture with fists upraised and heads bowed. With these gestures, they intended to draw international attention towards the racial discrimination that is being practised in the US. This gesture with a black glove and raised clenched fists symbolised the Black Power.
c. • The racial discrimination that was being practised should not be practised again
• The discrimination through the social division will lead to more violence and more racism
• Humanity must be given the most important than any other discrimination.