POPULAR STRUGGLES AND MOVEMENTS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1.
King Birendra was killed in a
mysterious massacre of the royal family in
(a) 2000 (b) 2001 (c) 2002 (d) 2003
2. When did King Gyanendra dismiss the then Prime
Minister and dissolve the Parliament?
(a) In February 2005 (b) In February 2006
(c) In March 2006 (d) In April 2006
3. The people of Boliva led a successful struggle
against
(a) limited franchise
(b) government’s apathy towards public facilities
(c) privatisation of water
(d) lack of
educational facilities
4. Which financial agency/organization pressurized
the government to give up its control of municipal water supply?
(a) International Monetary Fund
(b) World Bank
(c) Central Bank of Bolivia
(d) None of these
5. Choose the incorrect statement.
(a) The MNC raised the price of water by four times
(b) Many people received monthly water bills of Rs 1000
(c) This huge hike in water bill led to a popular protest
(d) None of these
6. Who won Bolivia’s Water War?
(a) People (b) Government
(c) MNC (d) None of the above
7. Most of the time democracy evolves through
(a) consensus (b) popular struggles
(c) both the above (d) none of the above
8. Defining moments of democracy usually involve
conflict between
(a) two most powerful groups
(b) those groups who have exercised power and those who aspire for a share in
power
(c) two powerless groups
(d) people and people’s representatives
9. Outstanding democratic conflicts are usually
resolved through
(a) mass mobilisation
(b) institutions like the parliament or the judiciary
(c) both the above
(d) none of the above
10. Which of these is not one of the agencies of
organised politics?
(a) Political parties (b) Pressure groups
(c) Movement groups (d) None of the above
11. The movement Kittiko-Hachchiko started in
Karnataka in 1987 was based on
(a) non-violent protest by farmers
(b) violent protest by farmers
(c) violent protest by workers of Karnataka
Pulpwood Limited
(d) None of these
12. Which party spearheaded the mass upsurge in
Nepal?
(a) Seven-Party Alliance (SPA)
(b) Nepalese Communist Party (Maoist)
(c) Nepalese Communist Party
(d) Nepalese Congress Party
13. Which party did not believe in parliamentary
democracy and was involved in an armed struggle but joined the popular protest?
(a) Nepalese Congress Party
(b) Nepalese Communist Party
(c) Nepalese Communist Party (Maoist)
(d) None of the above
14. Which of the following organisations/
institutions did not join the protest movement?
(a) Labour unions and their federations
(b) Organisation of indigenous people
(c) Organisation of teachers, lawyers and human rights groups
(d) Army
15. The protest against water privatisation in
Bolivia was led by
(a) Socialist Party
(b) An organisation called FEDECOR
(Confederation of factory workers, unions)
(c) Federation of farmers
(d) Confederation of factory workers’ unions
16. Which political party that supported the
protest in Bolivia, came to power in Bolivia in 2006?
(a) Socialist Party
(b) Communist Party
(c) Congress Party of Bolivia
(d) None of the above
17. Which of the roles is not played by political
parties?
(a) Direct participation in competitive politics
(b) Contesting elections
(c) Forming governments
(d) None of these
18. Which of the following is not a movement?
(a) Narmada Bachao Andolan
(b) Struggle in Nepal for democracy
(c) Women’s movement
(d) All India Trade Union Congress
19. Choose the incorrect statement.
(a) Like an interest group, a movement does not take part in electoral
competition
(b) Like an interest group, a movement attempts to influence politics
(c) Unlike the interest groups, movements have a loose organisation
(d) Like the interest groups, movements have a loose organisation
20. Which of the following is a movement?
(a) CII (b) AITUC
(c) NGOs (d)
Environmental movement
21. Usually sectional interest groups seek to
promote
(a) the interests of a particular section of group of society
(b) the interests of the society in general
(c) the well-being and betterment of their members
(d) both (a) and (c)
22. Which of the following is not a sectional
interest group?
(a) Trade unions
(b) Business associations
(c) Professional groups
(d) Bolivian organisation FEDECOR
23. What is not true regarding public interest
groups?
(a) They represent some common or general interest
(b) Members of the organisation may not benefit from the cause that the
organisation represents
(c) They promote collective rather than selective good
(d) They aim to help their own members
24. ‘A group fighting against bonded labour’ is an
example of
(a) sectional interest group
(b) promotional group
(c) public interest group
(d) either (b) or (c)
25. Which of the following is not a type of
movement group?
(a) Single-issue movements
(b) Generic movements
(c) Multiple movements
(d) None of these
26. What is not true regarding single-issue
movements?
(a) These movements seek to achieve a single objective within a limited
time-frame
(b) These movements tend to have a clear leadership
(c) These have some kind of organisation but their active life is usually short
(d) None of these
27. Which of the following is not a single-issue
movement?
(a) Movement for democracy in Nepal
(b)Narmada Bachao Andolan
(c) Women’s movement
(d) None of these
28. Which of the following is not a generic
movement?
(a) Environment movement
(b) Women’s movement
(c) Narmada Bachao Andolan
(d) None of
these
QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS
1. Which of the following is a pressure group?
(a) Narmada Bachao Movement
(b) Anti-liquor Movement
(c) Women’s Movement
(d) Worker’s Trade Union
2. In a democracy which of the following is not a
direct way of influencing the decisions by the people?
(a) Formation of interest groups
(b) Formation of Government
(c) Formation of political parties
(d) Contesting Elections
3. Which one of the following is
not true
regarding the outcome of the April 2006 Movement in
Nepal?
(a) Girija Prasad Koirala became the new Prime Minister.
(b) The Maoists came to power with a clear majority.
(c) The Parliament was restored.
(d) The new laws reduced the power of the king.
4. Which one of the following is
not true
regarding Bolivia’s water war?
(a) The struggle involved mass mobilization.
(b) A political conflict led to popular struggle.
(c) It resulted in the restoration of the water supply at the old rates
(d) It lacked spontaneous public participation.
5. Which one of the following is
not true
regarding the influence of pressure groups on
politics?
(a) They influence the media and gain public support to influence policies.
(b) They organise protest activities like strikes and distrupt government
programmes.
(c) They are sometimes formed or led by members of political parties.
(d) They do not enter into dialogue or discussion with political parties.
6. Which one of the following is NOT the way to
resolve a conflict in a democracy?
(a) Mass Mobilisation (b) Using Parliament
(c) Using Judiciary (d) Armed Revolution
7. Which one of the following is an example of
public interest groups?
(a) Trade Unions (b) Business Associations
(c) BAMCEF (d) FEDECOR
8. Which one of the following statements is NOT
true about the Public Interest Groups?
(a) They promote collective rather than selective good.
(b) They aim to help groups other than their own members.
(c) They undertake activity that benefits them as well as others too.
(d) Their Principal concern is the betterment and wellbeing of their members.
9. Which one of the following features is NOT
common in most of the democracies of the world?
(a) They hold elections
(b) They have formal constitution
(c) They are efficient and effective
(d) They guarantee rights to the citizens
10. FEDECOR comprised of:
(a) professionals like engineers and environmentalist
(b) leaders of political parties
(c) federation of farmers who did not rely on irrigation.
(d) confederation of household workers unions.
11. Which one of the following political parties
was founded by reviving the Bhartiya Jana Sangha?
(a) Samajwadi Party (b) Rashtriya Janata Dal
(c) Bharatiya Janata Party
(d) Bahujan Samaj Party
12. Who amongst the following Nepalese Kings was
killed in a mysterious massacre?
(a) King Gyanendra (b) King Birendra
(c) King Mahendra (d) None of them
13. The interest groups like trade unions, business
associations and professional bodies etc. are referred to as:
(a) Public Interest group
(b) Sectional Interest group
(c) Movement group
(d) Pressure group
14. Who plays a decisive role in making laws for a
country?
(a) Leaders (b) Parties
(c) Voters (d) Constituencies
15. The city of Cochamamba is related to which
issue?
(a) Nepal’s popular struggle
(b) Bolivia’s water war
(c) Environmental Movement
(d) Narmada Bachao Movement
16. Which one of the following distinctions between
pressure groups and political parties is false?
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about
political issues.
(b) Pressure Groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve large
number of people.
(c) Pressure Groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
(d) Pressure groups are least concerned with the people while parties fully
depend on the people.
17. Which among the following is the special
feature that distinguishes a pressure group from a political party?
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about
political issues.
(b) Pressure groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve a larger
number of people.
(c) Pressure groups do not seek to mobilize people, while parties do.
(d) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
18. Which pressure groups seeks to promote
collective good?
(a) Sectional Interest group
(b) Public Interest group
(c) Movement group
(d) People’s group
19. Which amongst the following was an organisation
of Bolvia comprising of local professionals, engineers and environmentalists.
(a) BAMCEF (b) FEDECOR
(c) SPA (d) NAPM
20. In which year did Nepal witness an
extraordinary political movement?
(a) 1990 (b) 1998 (c) 2001 (d) 2006
21. Which of the following statements is
not true
about Nepal?
(a) King Gyanendra, the new king of Nepal, was not prepared to accept democratic
rule.
(b) Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in April 2001.
(c) On 24th April, king Gyanendra conceded to all the demands of SPA.
(d) Girija Prasad Koirala was chosen as the new prime minister of the interim
government.
22. Name the political party that emerged out of
mass movements:
(a) DMK (b) Janata Dal
(c) Forward Bloc (d) Bahujan Samaj Party
23. An organised aggregate group which seeks to
influence the government’s decision is called:
(a) Pressure group
(b) Interest group
(c) Sectional interest group
(d) Political party
24. Which one of the following is true regarding
sectional interest groups?
(a) They promote collective rather than selective good.
(b) Their principal concern is the betterment and wellbeing of their members,
not society in general.
(c) They aim to help groups other than their own members.
(d) They do not seek to promote the interest of a particular sector or group of
society.
25. Which one of the following is true regarding
the extraordinary popular movement that emerged in Nepal in 2006?
(a) Consolidation of monarchy
(b) Abolition of democracy
(c) Restoration of democracy
(d) Establishment of dictatorship
26. Which one of the following is
true
regarding public interest groups?
(a) Betterment and wellbeing of members of a particular group
(b) Suppression of some general interest
(c) Representation of interest of one section society
(d) Promotion of collective good
27. Which one of the following political parties
came to power in Bolivia in 2006?
(a) The Socialist Party
(b) The Republican Party
(c) The Conservative Party
(d) The Communist Party
28. FEDCOR is the example of:
(a) Public interest group
(b) Sectional interest group
(c) Movement group
(d) Pressure group
29. What was the aim of the popular movement of
Nepal in April 2006?
(a) Restoration of monarchy
(b) Dissolution of Parliament
(c) Restoration of democracy
(d) Restoration of peace
30. The aim of public interest group is to promote:
(a) Collective good
(b) Selective good
(c) The interest of its own members
(d) The interest of a particular groups of society.
31. Which one of the following is not a
characteristic of people movement?
(a) They try to infleence government
policies
(b) Pressure groups are formed when people with common occupation come together.
(c) Pressure groups have a common objective to achieve.
(d) Pressure groups contest election to hold power in the government
32. Which king of Nepal refused to accept
democratic rule?
(a) King Birendra (b) Girija Prasad Koirala
(c) King Gyanendra (d) King Mahendra
33. Which pressure group seeks to promote
collective good?
(a) Sectional Interest Groups
(b) Public Interest Group
(c) Movement Group
(d) Loose organisation
34. What type of government adopted in Nepal in the
year 1990?
(a) Monarchy (b) Dictatorship
(c) Colonial (d) Democratic
35. Democracy evolves through.
(a) Popular Struggles
(b) Elections and political parties
(c) Pressure groups
(d) Social differences
36. Identify the element which is
not
shared both by the movement of Nepal and struggle
in Bolivia:
(a) A political conflict that led to popular struggle.
(b) The struggle involved mass mobilisation.
(c) It was about the foundation of the country’s politics.
(d) It involved critical role of political organisation.
37. Which one of the following promotes the
interest of a particular group?
(a) Public interest groups.
(b) Political parties.
(c) Sectional interest groups.
(d) Government.
38. A democratic government is :
(a) an accountable government.
(b) a responsive government.
(c) a legitimate government
(d) all the above
39. Which of these is NOT a good argument in favour
of democracy?
(a) People feel free and equal in democracy.
(b) Democracies resolve conflicts in a better way than others.
(c) Democratic government is more accounatable to the people.
(d) Democracies are more prosperous than others.
40. When did Nepal first win democracy?
(a) 1985 (b) 1995 (c) 1990 (d) 1965
41. Which one of the following was
not
a demand of the Seven Party Alliance during the
strike in Kathmandu?
(a) To restore the Parliament
(b) To fight against the Maoist insurgents
(c) To give power to all party government
(d) To from a new Constituent Assembly
42. Which one of the following is not true about
the pressure groups?
(a) They are directly engaged in party politics
(b) They take a political stance
(c) They organise protests
(d) They try to gain public support
43. What was comments in both the struggles held in
Nepal and Bolvia?
(a) In both the case the struggle invilved mass mobilisation
(b) In both the cases people used violence
(c) In both the cases the demands of people were not fulfilled
(d) In both the cases government ignored the people
44. What was FEDECOR?
(a) It was a political party of Bolvia
(b) It was a group of parties of Bolvia
(c) It was an organisation comprising local professionals, including engineers
and environmentalists
(d) It was an alliance of the people
45. What was the result of Bolvia Water War ?
(a) People were forced to pay the increased water rates
(b) People lost the war
(c) Government of Bolivia resisted
(d) The water contract with the MNC was cancelled and water supply was restored
to the municipality at old rates.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1.
Describe
Bolivia’s water war.
2.
What conclusions
do we draw from popular struggles in Nepal and Bolivia?
3.
In what ways do
pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
4.
Differentiate
between a pressure group and a people’s movement.
5.
Examine the
relationship between pressure groups and political parties.
6.
What is the
difference between a sectional interest group and a public interest group?
7.
Is the influence
of mobilisation and movementgroups healthy?
QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS
1.
Distinguish
between Public Interest Groups and Sectional Interest Groups.
2.
In what three
ways can the pressure groups influence the government policies? Explain.
3.
Mention examples
of single issue and long term movements and distinguish between the two.
4.
Justify with
three
points that Democracy evolves through popular struggles.
5.
“The
relationship between political parties and pressure groups can take different
forms”. Support the statement with three points.
6.
Explain how the
activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic
government?
7.
State any three
distinctions between pressure groups and political parties.
8.
How pressure
groups and movements exert influence on government policies?
9.
Explain any
three common features of the popular struggle in Nepal and Bolivia.
10.
How do pressure
group and movements influence politics?
11.
Describe the
three main elements of democratic struggles?
12.
Mention three
main features of pressure groups.
13.
State any three
points of distinction between movements and interest groups.
14.
Which three
conclusions can be drawn out from the Movement of Nepal and the Struggle of
Bolivia?
15.
What are public
interest groups? How do they look after the public interests?
16.
Describe any
three features of public interest groups.
17.
What are the
techniques adopted by the pressure groups and interest groups to influence
politics?
18.
Mention any
three features of the Bolivia Water War.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1.
Compare and
contrast single-issue movements with multiple-issue movements.
2.
Explain two
features each of sectional interest groups and public interest groups.
3.
‘Pressure groups
and movements have deepened democracy.’ Discuss.
4.
Describe any two
features each of sectional and promotional pressure groups in India.
QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS
1.
How do pressure
groups influence politics? Explain with examples.
2.
How are popular
struggles an integral part of working democracy? Explain by giving an example of
Bolivia’s struggle for water.